Conclusiones
Author | S. Galera Rodrigo |
En el ámbito interno, según quedó expuesto en epígrafes anteriores, el ordenamiento jurídico ha ido evolucionando en un sentido favorecedor de la tutela judicial recabada en relaciones jurídico-públicas, en consonancia con su reconocimiento como derecho fundamental y con el sometimiento de las actuaciones de los poderes públicos al ordenamiento jurídico. Hemos analizado esta progresión desde una triple perspectiva.
En primer lugar, se ha considerado el acceso a la jurisdicción, exponiéndose la remoción progresiva de los requisitos más rígidos que exigían una afectación directa e individual o que impedían el recurso directo contra actos normativos.
En segundo lugar, se ha atendido a la actuación administrativa sujeta al control de la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa: desde esta perspectiva se han señalado aspectos tales como la superación de la necesidad de reconvertir la pasividad administrativa en un acto presunto, como única categoría de actuación recurrible, posibilitándose el recurso directo contra actuaciones constitutivas de vía de hecho; la sujeción de la actuación política de los órganos de gobierno cede al control jurisdiccional cuando confronta derechos fundamentales y por lo que hace a los elementos reglados integrados en aquella; y, por último, se indicó la ampliación del ámbito de la jurisdicción más allá de la actuación estrictamente administrativa, para integrar actuaciones de poderes públicos no integrados en la Administración Pública.
En tercer lugar, se ha señalado la reacción de nuestra legislación administrativa frente a la consolidación del Estado descentralizado que instaura nuestra Constitución, en el sentido de dar respuesta a las situaciones creadas por la creciente participación de entidades públicas distintas en una única actuación administrativa. Con ello se ha procedido a una depuración de las técnicas que, en definitiva, y a efectos de garantías, permiten la correcta imputación de la decisión administrativa a la Administración que la adoptó.
Un particular entendimiento de este proceso me ha aprehender la "tutela judicial" como una de las vías a través de la que más intensamente ha dejado su impronta la consolidación -progresiva- del Estado de Derecho que en nuestro país origina la aprobación de la Constitución de 1978. Una mirada retrospectiva al proceso iniciado hace más de un cuarto de siglo pone de manifiesto esta penetración paulatina e imparable, objeto de estudio diría que hasta emocionante para un jurista.
En el ámbito comunitario, la situación se presenta bien distinta. Se ha puesto de manifiesto cómo el acceso a la jurisdicción comunitaria por parte de los particulares se regula de una manera que...
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- Fuentes: Sistema europeo de justicia administrativa
- Estudio preliminar
- Consideraciones sobre el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva en el derecho español: en particular, en su vertiente de derecho a la jurisdicción en relación con los actos del poder público
- El derecho a la tutela judicial en el ámbito comunitario
- Papel del tedh en la protección de derechos individuales en situaciones relacionadas con el derecho comunitario
- Conclusiones
- Bibliografía citada
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