Balkan Journal of Interdisciplinary Research

Publisher:: International Institute For Private Commercial And Competition Law (IIPCCL)
Publication date:: 2020-09-18

ISBN:: 2410-759X

Issue Number

No. 6-2, September 2020

Latest documents

Objection to paternity in the Albanian judicial practice
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the legal problems that arise in the institute of paternity, specifically in opposing the paternity of the child born out of wedlock and the presumed paternity, seen in an interpretation of legal norms governing this institute and judicial practice local. In the analyzed cases, decisions are included by the courts of diff erent districts of the country. In the provisions that have been taken for interpretation, an important place is occupied by the principles that accompany the institution of paternity as the principle of the highest interest of the child; the principle of equality of children born out of wedlock and children born out of wedlock. Objection to paternity is a legal instrument that enables the compatibility of legal paternity with biological paternity. In the case where the determination of paternity does not correspond to the truth, a close circle of persons is given the right to challenge the legal paternity. Objection to paternity is a legal instrument that enables the compatibility of legal paternity with biological paternity. In the event that the determination of paternity does not correspond to the truth, a close circle of persons is given the right to challenge the legal paternity. Keywords: paternity, objection, courts, decision, child.
The role of regulations in managing cases of academic cheating
Academic cheating is challenge for the integrity of the university. It refers as a serious problem facing higher institutions of education in recent decades. To reduce and fight this phenomenon in the functioning of universities serve the rules and codes of ethics; in which the policies pursued the management of academic cases of cheating are described. The purpose of this paper is to understand the eff ectiveness of the regulations of Tirana University in managing identified cases of academic dishonesty. The research questions raised are: How were proceed with the identified cases of academic cheating among students? Has aff ected the implementation of regulations in the reduction of academic cheating among students? It turns out that there is a lack of information among students about the management of academic dishonesty cases. The findings show that punitive measures provided in the existing regulations to fight academic dishonesty in students do not find practical application in all identified cases. Keywords: academic dishonesty, integrity, management, regulation, code of ethics.
La communication au public de l'oeuvre audiovisuelle
Le but de cet article est de décrire, du point de vue juridique, la communication de l'oeuvre audiovisuelle, selon le droit albanais, en ajoutant des éléments de comparaison avec le droit français. Le terme « communication publique » a été intégré massivement dans le lexique juridique quotidien du droit d'auteur avec l'avènement de la Directive 2001/291. Mais c'est surtout la jurisprudence de la Cour de Justice de l'UE qui a finalement donné l'importance que le terme « communication publique de l’oeuvre » connait aujourd'hui, en lui précisant sa portée et les critères relatifs à son identification2. L'objet de cet article est une présentation non exhaustive des problématiques liées à la communication des oeuvres audiovisuelles, leur mise à disposition du public, leur exploitation et utilisation par des tiers. Dans cet article seront abordés les aspects juridiques de la communication de l'oeuvre audiovisuelle au public, tels que la divulgation et publication de l'oeuvre, son exploitation, ainsi que son utilisation par des tiers. Les sources normatives applicables sont les directives de l'Union européenne, la loi sur le droit d'auteur et les dispositions du Code français de la Propriété Intellectuelle, afin d'avoir une vue comparative sur le sujet traité.
The role of external factors of costumer in the process of making purchase decision
The success of every enterprise operating in the marketplace always depends on the study and management of consumer behavior. The aims of this paper are to study consumer behavior in product selection, based on the importance it gives to consumer behavior that accompanies the product, its choice, and the impact of consumer socio-demographic and psychological characteristics in product selection. In the first years aft er the end of the war, Kosovo businesses were not preoccupied with marketing and customer care, and today they are essential in doing business. It is crucial for any business to understand that excellent customer behavior helps create a strong customer relationship. The institutional environment is not properly designed to go about doing business. This has led many small and medium-sized enterprises to move from production to service and trade. Suffice it to say that this structure is 53 percent made up of trade companies, while 26 percent is in other services, and much less in production. Consumer behavior is described as the process of developing a product, service, and strategy based on what customers want. Here, various aspects of consumption and behavior are examined such as: motivation, personality, knowledge acquired, att itudes, the process during consumers make purchasing and consumption decisions. It also includes an understanding of macroeconomic aspects such as culture, family-wide influences that aff ect consumer behavior, which oft en makes them loyal to particular products, services and brands. Consumers have certain expectations from the product / service and those are: Quality, Features, Value, Price and direct communication with customers. Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Marketing, Product, Characteristic, Costumer.
Obesity as a public health challenge of nations in transition- Albania, Northern Macedonia and Kosovo
Obesity has become one of the most acute problems in terms of public health and its challenges in contemporary life trends, being considered as the disease of the 21st century. Healthy eating and prevention of obesity is one of the main priorities in many countries around the world, especially developed ones, but in transition countries such as Kosovo, Albania and Northern Macedonia leaves much to be desired. Obesity has been described as a public health problem that is gradually gaining epidemic proportions. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing alarmingly from one region to another, from under 5% in Africa, to 20% in Europe and up to over 30% in America and some Middle Eastern countries. In Europe, obesity is estimated to have tripled in the last 20 years. In the modern life trends of an increased dynamic, food with diff erent artificial ingredients, lifestyle change and lack of physical activity, has made obesity a serious problem that is challenging countries with highly advanced health systems, related to the impact it has on society. Such an issue is an example of a problem that can only be solved with the cooperation of various factors such as family, community, school, health education and concrete measures to be taken by the competent institutions for public health. The purpose of this paper is to reflect the level of treatment of this issue with a serious impact on public health in three developing countries: Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia, through a qualitative, comparative, statistical method and review of literature and official statistics. Keywords: Obesity, prevalence, age group, nutrition, health consequences.
Empirical review of the relationship between performance and cash flows - Case of Albania
The accurate evaluation of the company’s performance has a greater value for investors, shareholders, and creditors but also for all users of accounting information. Profit is an indicator of an entity's performance. Cash flows represent the liquidity of the company. This study aimed to investigate empirically the relationship between Net Profit and Cash Flows, for 45 companies that adopt IFRSs in Albania. The data were obtained manually from the published audited financial statements for years 2017 and 2018. The relationship between Net profit and CFO, CFI, and CFF is analyzed through the regression model.Net income is the dependent variable,as a measure of the company’s performance, while CFO, CFI, and CFF are independent variables. This study revealed that there is a positive significant relationship between net income and CFO, There is a positive, but not statistically significant relationship between Net income and CFI. Keywords: Cash flow from operations, Cash flow from investments, Cash flow from financing activities, financial performance, cash flow statement.
Interpreting and treatment of certain terms in English language
Terms make up an essential part of technical writings and literature. They appear in various forms, texts and uses through their clarity and accuracy. In using the correct terms, we should abide by certain grammatical rules, which if not carefully tackled and strictly followed could lead to wrong targeted English terms and messages. In that case, reference should be made to grammar intrinsic rules and reviews, and language specific behaviour to terms within various areas of knowledge and variants of British-American English usage preferences on terms. Experience and expertise, terminological dictionaries, and field specialists together with ESP teachers, could become great tools and useful assistants into term acquisition and mastery. Then, it is up to smart students and scholars to make use of their own skills and capacities towards terms-interpretation and treatment, down to termformation and equivalence. Keywords: interpretation, rule, skills, specific, terms.
Use of the journal by students as a tool to improve reflection skills during writing
The use of journals by pupils or students has a wide scope and is applied in various academic fields as well as in everyday life of students. Its use depends on the objectives of the teacher and the student and it can take diff erent forms. Teachers use journals to sharpen students' academic skills through a variety of methods. This article will present the methods and studies conducted in relation to the use of diaries by pupils and students and how this tool aff ects their academic upbringing, self-improvement as well as the way it is reflected during writing. Also the purpose of this article will be to introduce the process of using journals to encourage reflection in the student. It will present student’s experiences in diff erent areas during the writing which in order to be learned correctly, they (the students) need to reflect whereas teachers, as educators, should use all possible means to instill the student's reflective abilities in order for the studetnes to mature and grow academically. Keywords: writing, journal, vocabulary, reflection, language.
Burokracia dhe demokracia: marrëdhënia që ndikon në administrimin publik
Burokracia, të cilën Weber e konsideron si “lloji ideal”, është bërë baza e ngathtësisë dhe problemeve sot. Ky shndërrim negativ dhe zhvillimi i burokracisë pengojnë çdo veprimtari të kryer në emër të inovacionit në administratat publike.Në të kaluarën, përkundër parashikimeve se ajo do të zhduket, burokracia ende qëndron në këmbë dhe po ruan fuqinë e saj. Ekziston një zinxhir marrëdhëniesh komplekse dhe nganjëherë paradoksale midis burokracisë dhe demokracisë. Nga njëra anë, burokracia krĳ on vështirësi dhe kërcënime për demokracinë, nga ana tjetër, ajo mbetet një mjeti domosdoshëm për të arritur idealet demokratike.Shoqëritë moderne kanë nevojë për burokraci për të drejtuar punët e shtetit.Burokracia është agjenti kryesor për ekzekutimin e demokracisë në një mënyrë jo-problematike. Qëllimi i këtĳ studimi është që të shqyrtojë disa aspekte të burokracisë dhe demokracisë dhe mënyrën si ndikohet administrimi puklik nga marrëdhënia e tyre. Në këtë studim, ndërsa theksohen debatet e pazgjidhura për burokracinë dhe demokracinë në literaturë, jepen referenca për zhvillimet historike. Për më tepër, deri në çfarë mase burokracia dhe demokracia pajtohen me njëra-tjetrën është gjithashtu një pyetje që kërkon përgjigje. Si përfundimt në këtëpunim do të diskutohen disa sugjerime praktike për një pajtim më të mirë të burokracisë me demokracinë. Fjalët kyçe: Administrim publik,demokraci, burokraci, qeverisje, shërbim publik.
Aktorët e së drejtës ndërkombëtare tregtare
Punimi u përqëndrua në përshkrimin e aktorëve, statusin e tyre juridik dhe detyrimet ndaj shtetit dhe organizatave ndërkombëtare, dhe mbi të gjitha në mënyrën se si këta aktorë ndërveprojmë dhe bashkëpunojnë me njëri tjetrin. Për realizimin e këtĳ punimi u përdor metodologjia cilësore, analitike. Punimi trajtoi disa çështje kryesore, së pari trajtoi shkurtimisht historikun e të drejtës ndëkombëtare tregëtare, cilat janë institucionet kryesore udhëheqeëse, burimet e të drejtës ndërkombëtare tregtare si dhe aktorët kryesorë. Punimi po ashtu trajtoi përciptazi edhe modernizmin dhe harmonizimin e ligjit ndërkombëtar tregëtar i cili është një proces i vazhdueshëm dhe i nevojshëm. Pika kryesore e punimit ishte diskutimi dhe analiza lidhur me ndërlidhjen e aktorëve në të drejtën ndërkombëtare tregtare, e cila siç përmendëm edhe më sipër, mund të konsiderohet si një sistem shumë-aktorësh, në kuptimin që prodhohet nga aktorë të ndryshëm, në nivele të ndryshme të qeverisjes, dhe në forma të ndryshme. Pjesa e fundit e punimit trajtoi përfundimet kryesore të punimit, i cili doli në konkluzionin se kur bëhet fj alë për aktorët kryesorë të së drejtës ndërkombëtare tregtare të cilët janë ata privatë dhe publike, ndërlidhja e tyre mund të identifikohet si një tendencë e mbështetjes për rregullim në të drejtën tregtare ndërkombëtare për aktorët privatë dhe shikimi i rolit të aktorëve publik thjesht në korrigjimin e ndikimit negativ të marrëdhënieve tregtare ndërkombëtare në tregje. Fjale Kyce: E drejta, BE, Marredhenie tregtare.