Anatomy of the vegetative organs of the species Salvia officinalis L in the population of Dibra, Albania

• Pages: 182-187

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82

Anatom

y

of the vegetative organs of the species Salvia o

f‌f‌i

cinalis L

i

n t

he

p

opulation of Dibra, Albani

a

P

h

D (C.) Gazmir G

j

oni

U

niversity o

f

Tirana,

A

lbania

Ab

str

a

c

t

The anatomy of the root, stem and leaf o

f

Salvia o

f‌f‌i

cinalis L. were studied by light microscopy.

The micromorphological structure of the root, stem and leaf was identif‌i ed. The leaf contains

t

richomes in both epidermis. The spongy parenchyma o

f

the lea

f

is compact. The stem has a

square shape and in its epidermis there are trichomes. Collenchyma is angular and there is

a large cavity in the pith of the stem. The root has 7 layers of bark and broad pith formed by

t

he parenchymal cell.

O

ther anatomical features are also discussed. Given that there is no data

o

n the micromorphology of vegetative organs of this species in

A

lbania, the present study

was undertaken in order to use these characteristics to characterize the species and to assess

i

nterspecif‌i c diversity. These are preliminary results in the doctoral research framework.

K

e

y

words:

S

alvia o

f‌f‌i

cinali

s

L., anatomy, leaf, stem, root.

I

ntr

oduc

t

io

n

S

alvia is the largest genus o

f

the Lamiaceae

f

amil

y

, com

p

rising about 1,000 s

p

ecies

(Walker & S

y

tsma, 2007; Sáez-Goñalons et al., 1974). It is s

p

read in dif‌f erent regions

around the world

f

rom the Mediterranean area, South

Af

rica, Central and South

A

merica as well as

A

sia (Walker & S

y

tsma, 2007; To

p

çu, 2006) and some o

f

its

r

e

p

resentatives are a

l

so cu

l

tivate

d

an

d

ex

p

orte

d

to ot

h

er regions aroun

d

t

h

e wor

ld

.

I

n

A

lbania this genus is re

p

resented b

y

16 s

p

ecies (Qosja et al., 1996). Metcal

f

e and Chalk

(1957) mentioned that the stem o

f

Lamiaceae s

p

ecies are ver

y

o



en rectangular in

c

ross-section, and there is usuall

y

considerable develo

p

ment o

f

colenc

y

ma at angles,

and in some s

p

ecies, the

y

develo

p

in the

p

rimar

y

cortex. The order o

f

collench

y

ma on

th

e stem

h

as

d

iagnostic va

l

ue.

I

n t

h

e

y

oung stem, xi

l

em an

d

phl

oem, in some s

p

ecies,

are con

f‌i

ned to collateral bundles, which are

p

articularl

y

well develo

p

ed at the

co

rn

e

rs

of

th

e

st

e

m

a

x

is

.

I

n other s

p

ecies, contiguous bundles are se

p

arated b

y

f‌i

ber,

while in a third categor

y

,

p

ersistent x

y

lem is

p

ermeated b

y

narrow medullar

y

ra

y

s.

C

onductive bundles are usuall

y

small in diameter. Salim

p

our et al. (2012) studied

t

he anatom

y

o

f

the stalk o

f

eight Salvia L. s

p

ecies and

f

ound that the cross-section

of

the stalk in all s

p

ecies is regular or irregular

q

uadrangular. The e

p

idermis is a

sing

l

e

l

a

y

er wit

h

e

ll

i

p

soi

d

a

l

, e

l

ongate

d

, ovate or circu

l

ar ce

ll

s. Co

ll

enc

hy

ma is ma

d

e

f

rom three to ten la

y

ers below the e

p

idermis,

p

rotruding at the corners o

f

the stalk,

b

ecoming thinner towards its edges. The cortical

p

arench

y

ma below the e

p

idermis is

c

om

p

osed o

f

three to six la

y

ers with elongated, hexagonal or elli

p

soidal cells. Thick

c

lusters o

f

sclerench

y

ma with three to six la

y

ers a

pp

ear over the vascular bundles at

th

e corners. P

hl

oem is

l

ocate

d

un

d

er t

h

e sc

l

erenc

hy

ma. T

h

e vascu

l

ar

b

un

dl

es in t

h

e

c

orners are

l

arge an

d

sometimes wit

h

l

o

b

es an

d

at t

h

e e

d

ge are ver

y

sma

ll

. T

h

e ra

y

s

i

n th

e

m

a

rr

o

w

a

r

e

s

e

v

e

n t

o

n

i

n

e

t

ee

n

i

n

a

r

o

w

.