Case studies

• Author: CETMAR, COGEA, Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (European Commission), POSEIDON, Seascape Belgium, Universidade de Vigo
• Pages: 47-103

Study on the Economic Impact of MSP

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4 Case studies

4.1 Methodology

The 5 case studies were carried out through the sequence of activities summarised in

the figure below.

Figure 16 - Sequence of activities and expected results

Throughout all the phases of this process, working hypotheses had to be accepted and

decisions had to be taken in order to reach the final objective: to obtain an economic

evaluation of the impact of the implementation of MSP in the 5 case studies. The

objective of this section is to make explicit these assumptions and decisions, since

they may condition the results obtained and their interpretation. In this chapter, we

follow the chronological sequence shown in the previous figure. In the first section we

deal with all the aspects relating to phase 1, referring to the collection of statistical

information and its processing. The second section explains the procedure followed for

the estimation of the Initial Direct Economic Effects. In the third section we do the

same with all the elements of phase 3, linked to the interviews with stakeholders and

the estimation of the Direct Final Economic Effects. Finally, the fourth section deals

with the elements relating to phases 3 and 4, which refer to the method for estimating

economic impacts for the 5 case studies.

4.1.1 Phase 1: available information and its treatment

The first task to be developed is the collection of basic data for the case studies. This

basic information refers to the economic activities that make up the blue economy, the

variables on which we are interested in having information (production value, value

added, employment etc.), the sources of available data and the period of years to be

analysed in each case study.

The table below reports the economic activities making up the blue economy, as per

the Blue Economy Report of the EU Commission.

Statistical

Database

(Phases 1-2)

Structured stakeholder

consultations

(Phase 3)

Economic Analysis

(Phases 4-5)

Turnover, GVA and employment by maritime sector

- Base scenario (before MSP)

- Reference scenario (after MSP)

Initial Direct Economic Effects (IDEE)

Turnover, GVA and employment by

maritime sector

Perceptions about the effects of MSP

implementation

- Quantifiable impacts

- Non-quantifiable impacts

Final Direct Economic Effects (FDEE)

Turnover, GVA and employment by

maritime sector

Qualitative view of stakeholders

Contributions and other non-economic

effects of MSP

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Evaluation of MSP as a public policy

Input-Output Analysis

The direct, indirect and induced economic

effects of the MSP implementation

Source Action Results

MSP policy evaluation

In terms of viability and social welfare

MSP economic impacts

In terms of turnover, GVA and

employment by maritime sector

Study on the Economic Impact of MSP

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Table 13 - Activities of the blue economy

Group

Sector

NACE Rev

2 Code

Marine

Activity

1. Living resources

1.1. Fisheries and

aquaculture

A0311

100%

1.1.1. Marine fishing

A0321

100%

1.1.2. Marine aquaculture

G4638

100%

1.1.3. Wholesale of other food, including

fish, crustaceans and molluscs

C1020

100%

1.1.4. Processing and preserving of fish,

crustaceans and molluscs

C1089

P

1.1.5. Other food products n.e.c.

C1091

P

1.1.6. Prepared feeds for farm animals

2. Non-living

resources

2.1 Extraction of

oil and gas

B0610

P

2.1.1. Extraction of crude petroleum

B0620

P

2.1.2 Extraction of natural gas

B0910

P

2.1.3. Support activities for petroleum and

natural gas extraction

2.2 Extraction of

aggregates

B0811

P

2.2.1. Quarrying of ornamental and

building stone, limestone, gypsum, chalk

and slate

B0812

P

2.2.2. Operation of gravel and sand pits;

mining of clays and kaolin

B0899

P

2.2.3. Other mining and quarrying

2.3 Salt

B0893

P

2.3.1. Extraction of salt

2.4 Seabed

mining

B0710

P

2.4.1. Mining of iron ores

B0721

P

2.4.2. Mining of uranium and thorium ores

B0729

P

2.4.3. Mining of other non-ferrous metal

ores

B0990

P

2.4.4. Support services to other mining

and quarrying

3. Shipping

3.1 Maritime

transport

H5010

100%

3.1.1. Sea and coastal passenger water

transport

H5020

100%

3.1.2. Sea and coastal freight water

transport

H5229

P

3.1.3. Other transportation support

activities

N3774

100%

3.1.4. Rental and leasing services of water

transport equipment

3.2 Ports

H5210

P

3.2.1. Warehousing and storage services

H5222

P

3.2.2. Service activities incidental to water

transportation

H5224

P

3.2.3. Cargo handling

4. Shipbuilding

and ship repair

4.1 Shipbuilding

C3011

100%

4.1.1. Building of ships and floating

structures

C3012

100%

4.1.2. Building of pleasure and sporting

boats

4.2 Ship repair

C3315

100%

4.2.1. Repair and maintenance of ships

and boats

5. Tourism and

recreation

5.1 Coastal

tourism

H49

P

5.1.1. Land transport

H51

P

5.1.2. Water transport

I55

P

5.1.3. Air transport

I56

P

5.1.4. Acommodation

N77

P

5.1.5. Renting and leasing of motor

vehicles, recreational and sports godos

N79

P

5.1.6. Travel agency, tour operator

reservation service and related activities

6. Renewable

energy

6.1 Wind energy

D3511

P

6.1.1. Production of electricity

D3512

P

6.1.2. Transmission services of electricity

6.2 Other

renewable energy

D3511

P

6.1.1. Production of electricity

D3512

P

6.1.2. Transmission services of electricity

7. Public activities

7.1 Public

activities

O84

P

7.1.1. Public activities

8. Construction

8.1 Construction

F4222

P

8.1.1. Construction of utility projects for

electricity and telecommunications

F4291

P

8.1.2. Construction of water projects

F4312

P

8.1.3. Site preparation

* 100% = Completely marine activities, P = Partially marine activities

Although up to 41 groups of codified activities can be distinguished as belonging to the

blue economy, not all of them are affected by the corresponding national maritime

spatial plans. Table 14 summarises the activities that are directly affected by the

Study on the Economic Impact of MSP

49

spatial plan of each of the following case studies: Belgium (BE), Germany-Baltic (DE),

Norway-North Sea and Skagerrak (NO), Scotland (SC) and Rhode Island (R -I).

Table 14 - Activities of the blue economy affected by case studies’ spatial plans

NACE Rev. 2

Code

Activity

BE

DE

NO

SC

R-I

A0311

1.1.1. Marine fishing

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

A0321

1.1.2. Marine aquaculture

yes

yes

yes

yes

G4638

1.1.3. Wholesale of other food, including fish, crustaceans

and molluscs

yes

yes

C1020

1.1.4. Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and

molluscs

yes

yes

yes

yes

C1089

1.1.5. Other food products n.e.c.

yes

C1091

1.1.6. Prepared feeds for farm animals

yes

B0610

2.1.1. Extraction of crude petroleum

yes

yes

yes

yes

B0620

2.1.2. Extraction of natural gas

yes

yes

yes

yes

B0910

2.1.3. Support activities for petroleum and natural gas

extraction

yes

yes

yes

yes

B0811

2.2.1. Quarrying of ornamental and building stone,

limestone, gypsum, chalk and slate

yes

yes

yes

B0812

2.2.2. Operation of gravel and sand pits; mining of clays and

kaolin

yes

yes

yes

B0899

2.2.3. Other mining and quarrying

yes

yes

yes

B0893

2.3.1. Extraction of salt

yes

B0710

2.4.1. Mining of iron ores

yes

yes

B0721

2.4.2. Mining of uranium and thorium ores

yes

yes

B0729

2.4.3. Mining of other non-ferrous metal ores

yes

yes

B0990

2.4.4. Support services to other mining and quarrying

yes

yes

H5010

3.1.1. Sea and coastal passenger water transport

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

H5020

3.1.2. Sea and coastal freight water transport

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

H5229

3.1.3. Other transportation support activities

yes

yes

yes

yes

N7734

3.1.4. Rental and leasing services of water transport

equipment

yes

yes

H5210

3.2.1. Warehousing and storage services

yes

yes

H5222

3.2.2. Service activities incidental to water transportation

yes

yes

H5224

3.2.3. Cargo handling

yes

C3011

4.1.1. Building of ships and floating structures

yes

yes

C3012

4.1.2. Building of pleasure and sporting boats

yes

yes

C3315

4.2.1. Repair and maintenance of ships and boats

yes

yes

H49

5.1.1. Tourism: Land transport

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

H51

5.1.2. Tourism: Air transport

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

I55

5.1.3. Tourism: Accommodation

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

I56

5.1.4. Tourism: Food and beverage service activities

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

N77

5.1.5. Tourism: Renting and leasing of motor vehicles,

recreational and sports goods

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

N79

5.1.6. Tourism: Travel agency, tour operator reservation

service and related activities

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

D3511

6.1.1. Production of electricity (Wind Energy)

yes

yes

yes

D3512

6.1.2. Transmission services of electricity (Wind Energy)

yes

yes

Yes

D3511

6.1.1. Production of electricity (Other renewable)

yes

Yes

D3512

6.1.2. Transmission services of electricity (Other renewable)

yes

yes

O84

7.1.1. Public activities

yes

yes

F4222

8.1.1. Construction of utility projects for electricity and

telecommunications

yes

yes

yes

yes

F4291

8.1.2. Construction of water projects

yes

yes

yes

yes

F4312

8.1.3. Site preparation

yes

yes

yes

4.1.1.1 Indicators and sources of information

The analysis includes collecting economic information on the marine activities affected

by the maritime spatial plan in each of the 5 case studies: Belgium, Germany (Baltic

Sea), Scotland, Rhode Island and Norway (North Sea and Skagerrak). The

recommended time period of data collection is 5 years prior to the effective

implementation of the plan and at least 5 years thereafter, depending on the

availability of information in the databases and the date of implementation of the