Conclusions

• Pages: 19-20

Border Procedures for Asylum Applications in EU+ Countries

19 | P a g e

• For land border transit: European Union, EU: Court of Justice of the European Union [CJEU],

FM“  O  O I F D-alföldi Regionális

I  O I F, C-924/19 and C-925/19,

ECLI:EU:C:2020:367, 14 May 2020. Read more on EASO Case Law Database.

CJEU, Opinion of Advocate General PIKAMÄE in European Commission vs Hungary, Case

C-808/18, 25 June 2020.

Council of Europe, CoE: European Court of Human Rights [ECHR], Ilias and Ahmed

(Bangladesh) vs Hungary, 21/11/2019, ECLI:CE:ECHR:2019:1121JUD004728715. Read more

on EASO Case Law Database.

• On accessing asylum procedures at the border: Council of Europe, CoE: European Court of

Human Rights [ECHR], M.K. and Others vs Poland, Application Nos. 40503/17, 42902/17 and

43643/17, 23 July 2020. Read more on EASO Case Law Database.

• On accessing border procedures (if available): Council of Europe, CoE: European Court of

Human Rights [ECHR], N.D. and N.T. vs Spain, 13/02/2020,

ECLI:CE:ECHR:2020:0213JUD000867515. Read more on EASO Case Law Database.

Council of Europe, CoE: European Court of Human Rights [ECHR], Asady and Others vs

Slovakia, 24/03/2020, ECLI:CE:ECHR:2020:0324JUD002491715. Read more on EASO Case

Law Database.

Council of Europe, CoE: European Court of Human Rights [ECHR], M.A. and Others (Russia)

vs Lithuania, 11/12/2018, ECLI:CE:ECHR:2018:1211JUD005979317. Read more on EASO Case

Law Database.

• On providing access to a remedy with automatic suspensive effect: Council of Europe, CoE:

European Court of Human Rights [ECHR], Gebremedhin (Eritrea) vs France, 25389/05,

26 April 2007. Read more on EASO Case Law Database.

• National case law: France, FR: Council of State [Conseil d'État], Applicant (Central African

Republic), N° 440756, ECLI:FR:CECHS:2020:440756.20200708, 08 July 2020. Read more

on EASO Case Law Database.

Spain, ES: Supreme Court [Tribunal Supremo], Graciela vs The State (Administración del

Estado) [Decision of 05.04.2018 no. SAN 1677/2018], 27/05/2019, ECLI: ES:TS:2019:1682.

Read more on EASO Case Law Database.

6. Conclusions

Various types of border procedures have been in use in EU+ countries for a long time, often preceding

the EU-level harmonised arrangements laid out in the respective directives (dating from 2005 and

2013). That testifies to the importance of the border procedure as an instrument in managing

applications for international protection overall and specifically in improving the efficiency of the

procedure (timewise and resource-wise) with regard to applicants who are already physically present

at the border or in the transit zone where they are applying for international protection.