Guidelines 05/2022 on the use of facial recognition technology in the area of law enforcement

JurisdictionEuropean Union
Date17 May 2023
Year2023
Type of DocumentGuidance
1
Adoptado
Translations proofread by EDPB Members.
This language version has not yet been proofread.
Directrices 5/2022 sobre el uso de la tecnología de
reconocimiento facial en el ámbito de la aplicación de la ley
Versión 2.0
Adoptada el 26 de abril de 2023
2
Adoptado
Historial de versiones
Versión 1.0
12 de mayo de 2022
Adopción de las directrices para consulta pública
Versión 2.0
26 de abril de 2023
Adopción de las directrices tras la consulta pública
3
Adoptado
Índice
Resumen ejecutivo ................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Introducción ..................................................................................................................................... 8
2 Tecnología ........................................................................................................................................ 9
2.1 Una tecnología biométrica, dos funciones distintas ................................................................ 9
2.2 Amplia variedad de fines y aplicaciones ................................................................................ 11
2.3 Fiabilidad, precisión y riesgos para los interesados ............................................................... 13
3 Marco jurídico aplicable ................................................................................................................. 14
3.1 Marco jurídico general La Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la UE y el Convenio
Europeo de Derechos Humanos (CEDH) ............................................................................................ 15
3.1.1 Aplicabilidad de la Carta................................................................................................. 15
3.1.2 Interferencia con los derechos establecidos en la Carta ............................................... 15
3.1.3 Justificación de la injerencia .......................................................................................... 16
3.2 Marco jurídico específico: la Directiva sobre protección de datos en el ámbito penal ........ 21
3.2.1 Tratamiento de categorías especiales de datos con fines de aplicación de la ley ........ 21
3.2.2 Toma automatizada de decisiones individuales, incluida la elaboración de perfiles .... 23
3.2.3 Categorías de los interesados ........................................................................................ 24
3.2.4 Derechos del interesado ................................................................................................ 25
3.2.5 Otros requisitos legales y garantías ............................................................................... 28
4 Conclusión ...................................................................................................................................... 31
5 Anexos ............................................................................................................................................ 32
Anexo I Modelo para la descripción de los escenarios ..................................................................... 33
Anexo II Orientaciones prácticas para la gestión de proyectos de TRF en las FCS ........................... 35
1. FUNCIONES Y RESPONSABILIDADES............................................................................................... 35
2. INICIO/ANTES DE ADQUIRIR EL SISTEMA DE TRF ........................................................................... 37
3. DURANTE LA CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA Y ANTES DE IMPLANTAR LA TRF ..................................... 39
4. RECOMENDACIONES TRAS LA IMPLANTACIÓN DE LA TRF ............................................................ 40
Anexo III - EJEMPLOS PRÁCTICOS........................................................................................................... 42
1 Escenario 1: .................................................................................................................................... 42
1.1. Descripción ..................................................................................................................... 42
1.2. Marco jurídico aplicable ................................................................................................. 43
1.3. Necesidad y proporcionalidad: finalidad/gravedad de la delincuencia......................... 44
1.4. Conclusión ...................................................................................................................... 44
2 Escenario 2 ..................................................................................................................................... 44
2.1. Descripción ..................................................................................................................... 44

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