Modular Structure and BIM-Enabled Automation in Design and Construction

• Pages: 1-12

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Balkan Journal of

Interdisciplinary Research

E-ISSN 2411-9725

ISSN 2410-759X

Vol.10 No.2

September, 2024

1

Vol. 9 No.2

September, 2023

Balkan Journal of Interdisciplinary Research

IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria

E-ISSN 2411-9725

ISSN 2410-759X

Research Article

© 2023 Ardita Abazi Imeri

This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons

Aribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

(hps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

Deliberating in the Gray Zone: North Macedonia’s Hybrid Regime and

Deliberative Democracy Exercise

Ardita Abazi Imeri

European Policy Institute (EPI) – Skopje

DOI: hps://doi.org/10.2478/bjir-2023-0001

Abstract

Deliberative polling has emerged as a promising method for promoting democratic reform

and citizen engagement in various contexts, however, its potential and limitations in hybrid

regimes, where democratic governance is challenged by a mix of democratic and authoritarian

features, remain relatively unexplored. This paper focuses on the case of North Macedonia,

as a country that has undergone signicant political and societal transformation especially in

the recent years. Despite eorts to promote democratic reforms, the country continues to face

challenges in terms of ensuring democratic governance and citizen participation. In a hybrid

regime, like North Macedonia’s, political leaders might not be inclined to value citizens’

input, and the media environment might not be free from inuence, which limits access to

varied and reliable sources of information. Civil society organizations may also encounter

limitations on their operations, and institutional assistance may be insucient. Additionally,

the population’s diversity could make it dicult to reach and build trust with citizens. In

this context, deliberative polling represents an opportunity to engage citizens in meaningful

political dialogue and institutional reform. This paper examines the potential of deliberative

polling as a tool for promoting governance in North Macedonia and highlights the challenges

and limitations faced in this process.

Keywords: deliberative poll, hybrid regime, authoritarian, democracy.

1. Introduction

Democracy around the world is in crisis. In general, the state of democracy world-

wide indicates a lack of progress (Economist Intelligence Unit, 2022). Looking at the

global picture, 2022 fell short of expectations for democracy, as it was anticipated that

the lifting of pandemic-related restrictions might result in an improvement in the

overall score. Both the Freedom House Report 2022 and the Economist Intelligence

Unit’s Democracy Index (EIU) 2022 indicate that the state of democracy around the

world is facing signicant challenges and setbacks.

Research Article

© 2024 Diana Lluka

This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons

Aribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

(hps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)

Modular Structure and BIM-Enabled Automation in Design and Construction

Diana Lluka

Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Civil Engineering,

Department of Building Constructions and Transport Infrastructure, Albania

DOI: hps://doi.org/10.2478/bjir-2024-0011

Abstract

The construction industry is experiencing a profound transformation, driven by rapid

technological advancements that aim to improve eciency, sustainability, and precision

across all stages of the building process. Among these advancements, Building Information

Modeling (BIM) and automation technologies stand out as crucial innovations, particularly

within the realm of modular construction. This paper delves into the integration of BIM with

modular construction techniques and automation processes, exploring the ways in which

these technologies are revolutionizing the industry. By conducting a detailed comparison

between traditional modular construction methods and those enabled by BIM, this study

demonstrates the signicant enhancements in design accuracy, manufacturing eciency,

and on-site assembly quality. Furthermore, the paper addresses the sustainability benets

that arise from the adoption of BIM-enabled modular construction, including reduced waste,

optimized resource use, and lower carbon footprints. Drawing upon case studies, industry

practices, and real-world applications, this research oers a comprehensive analysis of how

BIM-enabled automation is reshaping the construction landscape, seing new standards for

future projects.

Keywords: Modular Structure, BIM-Enabled Automation, Design and Construction.

1. Introduction

The construction industry, a critical driver of economic growth and urban

development, is undergoing a profound transformation driven by the need for

increased eciency, sustainability, and precision. This shift is particularly evident

in response to global challenges such as population growth, urbanization, and

climate change, which demand innovative approaches to building and infrastructure

development. Technological advancements, most notably Building Information

Modeling (BIM), are at the forefront of this transformation, reshaping traditional

construction methodologies and seing new standards for design, construction, and