Novedades de las prácticas comerciales desleales y la protección de los consumidores en el ámbito digital
| Author | José Manuel Martín Fuster |
| Profession | Profesor de Derecho Mercantil Universidad de Málaga |
| Pages | 267-281 |
NOVEDADES DE LAS PRÁCTICAS COMERCIALES
DESLEALES Y LA PROTECCIÓN
DE LOS CONSUMIDORES EN EL ÁMBITO DIGITAL
DEVELOPMENTS IN UNFAIR COMMERCIAL PRACTICES
AND CONSUMER PROTECTION IN THE DIGITAL
ENVIRONMENT
José Manuel MARTÍN FUSTER
Profesor de Derecho Mercantil
Universidad de Málaga
RESUMEN:En este capítulo se abordarán las novedades introducidas en el ámbito digital respecto a las prácticas comerciales
desleales y la protección de los consumidores. Para ello, se analizarán especialmente las modificaciones normativas que
ha supuesto el Real Decreto-ley 24/2021, de 2 de noviembre, de transposición de diversas Directivas de la Unión Euro-
pea. De este modo, se examinarán las principales novedades introducidas en el texto refundido de la Ley General para
la Defensa de los Consumidores y Usuarios (TRDCU) y en la Ley de Competencia Desleal (LCD). Entre los aspectos a
destacar como novedades en este ámbito, podemos destacar, por un lado, los previstos sobre las prácticas desleales
encubiertas, haciendo de manera explícita mención al ámbito de las redes sociales, así como al relativo a los sistemas
de clasificación de los buscadores. Por otro lado, tenemos nueva normativa que recoge la problemática de las reseñas
online respecto a los bienes o servicios, incluyendo en esta materia nuevos supuestos de prácticas engañosas. Además,
también cobra importancia la introducción de nuevas obligaciones adicionales de información que el empresario debe
facilitar en las ofertas de bienes y servicios antes de que el consumidor quede vinculado por el contrato, con especial
referencia a los contratos celebrados en mercados en línea.
Palabras clave: prácticas desleales, consumidores, mercado digital.
ABSTRACT:This chapter will address the innovations introduced in the digital field regarding unfair commercial practices and
consumer protection. For this, it will be analyzed the regulatory changes introduced by the Real Decreto-ley 24/2021, of
November 2, transposing various directives of the European Union. In this way, the main innovations introduced in the
Consumer Law (TRDCU) and in the Unfair Competition Law (LCD) will be examined. Among the aspects to be highlighted
as novelties in this field, we can point out, on the one hand, those foreseen regarding covert unfair practices, explicitly men-
tioning the field of social networks, as well as the one related to the search engine ranking systems. On the other hand, we
have new regulations that include the problem of online reviews. Regarding goods or services, including in this matter new
cases of deceptive practices. In addition, the introduction of new information obligations that the entrepreneur must provide
in offers of goods and services, with special reference to contracts concluded in online markets, is also becoming important.
Keywords: unfair practices, consumers, digital market.
SUMARIO: I. INTRODUCCIÓN.—II. NUEVAS PRÁCTICAS COMERCIALES ENCUBIERTAS.—III. EL USO DE LAS RESE-
ÑAS EN INTERNET.—IV. NUEVAS OBLIGACIONES EN EL MERCADO ONLINE.—V. LA NUEVA REGULACIÓN PARA
LOS PRESTADORES DE SERVICIOS DE INTERMEDIACIÓN.—VI. BIBLIOGRAFÍA.
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