On terrorism and legal response in Albania

AuthorEngjëll Likmeta
PositionFaculty of Law, University of Tirana
Pages48-57
ISSN 2410-3918 Academic Journal of Business, Administration, Law and Social Sciences Vol 1 No 2
Acces online at www.iipccl.org IIPCCL Publishing, Tirana-Albania July 2015
48
On terrorism and legal response in Albania
PhD Engjëll Likmeta
Faculty of Law, University of Tirana
Abstract
Legal Albanian doctrine encompasses dierent meanings in relation to terrorism. is paper aims
to give a general overview on various denitions of terrorism, as one of the main threatening
phenomenon of our society. e paper also treats the origin of the word ‘terrorism’, back to the
French Revolution of 1789 as the label used by the establishment to describe the conduct of
revolutionaries. In this paper will be treated the main factors that have aected over the creation
and development of terrorism, the content, format and main characteristics of terrorism, the main
forms of occurrence of terrorist acts and Albanian legal mechanisms in the ght against terrorism,
including the International agreements of which Albania is part of. Special attention will be paid
to the moment when terrorist activities started in Albania and which are the most common forms
of terror in Albania. e study of terrorism is multi-disciplinary, spanning a number of elds
including political science, psychology, criminology, sociologist, history and many others. ere
are not few criminal norms provided in the Albanian Criminal Code that condemn terrorism.
e Albanian Criminal Code expresses in separated articles the punishment of everyone who
nances terrorism, hides funds and other assets that nance terrorism, even collects funds for
terrorism nancing, recruits persons for committing acts of terrorism or for terrorist nancing,
trains for committing terrorism acts, or makes public calls with terrorist purposes. A key challenge
of understanding terrorism is both acknowledging the moral outrage at terrorist acts, while at the
same time trying to understand the rationale behind terrorism.
Keywords: Terrorist, Terrorism, Violence, Security.
Introduction
Common law has operated for thousand years to arranging social relations in dierent life
spheres (Elezi, 1983, 6). At the same time, a special interest shows even the arrangement
of norms with penal nature.
Referring to Albanian common law we can say that terrorist acts have not been present in
the Albanian reality (Selmani, 2005, 17).
Terrorist acts are provided from Albanian legislation before and aer World War II,
depending on political-social conditions and its development. In certain periods of time,
the treatment of this problem has had even political nuance (Shegani, 2007, 136). However,
terrorist acts are a new phenomenon referring to Albanian territory. ey were born at
the beginning of rst years of political pluralism in Albania, as a result of immediate and
deep changes of social, political and economic life (Selmani, 2005, 17).

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