Presentación
Author | VÍctor M. Sánchez (Dir.) - Maria Julia Barceló |
Pages | 19-22 |
Page 19
El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior alienta a cambiar algunas prácticas docentes enraizadas en las facultades de derecho. En las aulas predomina todavía la transmisión vertical de conocimientos del profesor al estudiante. La clase magistral, seguida por la memorización de un estudiante, reducido previamente a la condición de amanuense, impone un conocimiento determinado que suele dejar escaso margen para la reflexión individual dado que el estudiante llega sin roturar a las clases. A menudo, el resultado es una formación deficiente que arrastra el licenciado en el mundo profesional, y lastra también la formación futura de docentes e investigadores en derecho. Los nuevos aires que corren en Europa demandan un cambio del modelo docente para hacer del aprendizaje de competencias su eje central y ponen el acento en la participación inteligente del estudiante en el proceso de aprendizaje. La evaluación de competencias persigue agrandar la formación del estudiante más allá del levantamiento de actas del verbo del profesor (los «apuntes») y su memorización posterior para la preparación de un examen. ¿Qué pretenden aportar estas Lecciones de Derecho de la Unión Europea a este objetivo?
El común de los estudiantes universitarios, salvo que los profesores les forcemos a ello, es reacio a aprender derecho como mero espectador de un museo de cera. Por ello hay que darle todas las facilidades para que pueda participar activamente en la clase a partir de la lectura previa directa de lo imprescindible de cada asignatura, en nuestro caso, el derecho de la Unión Europea. La realidad del estudiante medio es que no puede plantearse empeñar el esfuerzo que supone la lectura de manuales extensos y complejos si quiere superar todas las asignaturas que debe cursar en un cuatrimestre. Por ello, en su mayoría, se abandonan a la empobrecedora nutrición intelectual a base de apuntes. Con el propósito de procurar a nuestros estudiantes una base accesible de preparación de las clases de derecho de la Unión Europea y, después, de los exámenes con los que de ordinario se concluye el proceso de aprendizaje, empezamos a ela-Page 20borar en el curso de 20041 unos apuntes, que corregidos, mejorados y ampliados en años posteriores —en consideración de los buenos resultados obtenidos en las aulas— hemos considerado oportuno que vean ahora la luz pública.
Para lograr este objetivo, se ha optado por el camino de la sencillez. Nos hemos limitado pura y simplemente...
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- Lecciones de derecho de la Unión Europea
- ¿Qué es la Unión Europea?
- Presentación
- Glosario
- Configuración histórica de la Unión Europea
- Miembros y ampliación
- Objetivos
- Pilares
- Competencias
- Cooperación reforzada
- Modelo organizativo
- Comisión
- Consejo de la Unión Europea
- Parlamento Europeo
- Tribunal de Justicia de las Comunidades Europeas y otros tribunales
- Otros órganos
- ¿Cómo se crea derecho en la UE?
- Presupuesto
- Ordenamiento jurídico comunitario (I): derecho primario, principios generales y acuerdos internacionales
- Ordenamiento jurídico comunitario (II): derecho derivado
- Otras fuentes del derecho de la UE
- Relaciones entre el derecho comunitario y los ordenamientos jurídicos de los estados miembros
- Tutela judicial (I): competencia contenciosa
- Tutela judicial (II): competencia consultiva, prejudicial y arbitral
- Vías no jurisdiccionales de tutela de los derechos de los particulares
- Mercado interior (I): libre circulación de mercancías
- Mercado interior (II): libre circulación de trabajadores
- Mercado interior (III): derecho de establecimiento y libre prestación de servicios
- Mercado interior (IV): libre circulación de capitales y pagos
- Anexo
- Lecturas recomendadas
- Indice de jurisprudencia
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