El referéndum holandés
Pages | 187-192 |
Page 187
Holanda rechazó la Constitución Europea el 1 de junio de 2005 con un 61,5 por ciento de los votos, frente aun 38,5 por ciento que la apoyó y con una participación que rondó el 63 por ciento, en el primer referéndum de la historia europea holandesa que, al contrario que el francés, no era vinculante sino consultivo. El Gobierno del primer ministro Jan peter balkenende, formado por una coalición de democristianos (CDA), liberales de derechas (VVD) y demócrataliberales (D66), defendió el 'sí' en la campaña previa a la consulta porque el tratado daría dinamismo a Europa, y algunos miembros del Ejecutivo sostuvieron esta opción con un tono un poco alarmista porque la contraria dejaría la puerta abierta a situaciones de conflictos bélicos como el de los balcanes. Los partidos de izquierda en la oposición -los verdes (Groen links) y los laboristas (pvda), aliados con el Gobierno en la campaña a favor del texto, abogaron por un referéndum como medio para acercar al ciudadano a las decisiones políticas. En el extremo opuesto, desde la izquierda más radical (Sp) y los pequeños partidos cristianos (SGp y CU), hasta la derecha más populista y xenófoba de la lista pim Fortuyn (lpF) y el independiente Geert Wilders defendieron el 'no' con el argumento de que había que girar la mirada hacia lo holandés más que hacia lo europeo.
Page 188
Dos días antes del referéndum, la prensa holandesa164 recogió en sus páginas el 'no' francés a la Constitución europea de cara al que Holanda celebraría el 1 de junio. El periódico "De Volkskrant" destacó en su editorial que el rechazo francés "cambia el contexto del referéndum en Holanda", por lo que defendió la importancia de que los holandeses expresaran su propia opinión sin dejarse influir por los resultados en Francia. "Una propia valoración sobre la Constitución europea es importante, también teniendo en cuenta las discusiones sobre posibles alternativas", explicó el rotativo. El mismo periódico analizó en portada que el 'no' francés fue una protesta a las reformas económicas y a la ampliación de la Unión Europea. Por eso, constató que "a la UE le esperan demoledores conflictos internos". El sensacionalista "De telegraaf" destacó sin mucho análisis que tras el 'no' francés, Europa se enfrenta a "grandes problemas", especialmente porque Francia es uno de los países fundadores de la UE. El rotativo "algemeen Dagblad" señaló que los resultados en Francia introdujeron a Europa en un callejón sin salida, al...
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- Europa busca modelo
- Agradecimientos
- Prólogo. El rescate sustantivo del tratado constitucional europeo
- Introducción
- El 'si' a la constitución europea en los parlamentos nacionales y en las urnas
- La ausencia de opinión pública europea
- El debate nacional sobre europa en la campaña de los referenda
- El referéndum español I. El contexto político
- El referéndum español II. Las negociaciones con los grupos minoritarios
- El referéndum español III. La campaña electoral
- El referéndum español III. El 20-F
- El referéndum francés
- El referéndum holandés
- El referéndum en Luxemburgo
- Nueva agenda política para los ciudadanos europeos tras un año de reflexión
- Alemania retoma la cuestión constitucional con la intención de reanimarla y de relanzar la unidad de Europa
- La europa política de los amigos de la constitución pasa por un acuerdo de máximos
- La constitución europea, ¿un modelo para europa?
- Conclusiones
- Bibliografía
- Epílogo. El referéndum de la constitución europea y los medios de comunicación
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