El referéndum en Luxemburgo
Pages | 193-197 |
Page 193
Luxemburgo no se dejó llevar por estos augurios ni por la racha negativa que atravesó la Constitución Europea en Francia y holanda y fue el único que decidió no aplazar o suspender la consulta por el temor a recabar resultados similares. E hizo bien. El Gran Ducado emitió el 10 de julio de 2005 un 56,52 por ciento de apoyos al tratado frente a un 43,48 por ciento que se opuso y que sólo triunfó en 9 de las 118 localidades en este país. A este riesgo que asumió el primer ministro luxemburgués, Jean-Claude Juncker, al mantener la cita con las urnas pese a los resultados francés y holandés y al conocer que los sondeos -prohibidos durante el mes anterior a la consulta- reflejaban un aumento de quienes rechazaban el texto, se unió otro solamente atribuible a una firme conciencia y convicción europeístas: si los luxemburgueses se oponían a la Constitución Europea, él dimitiría.
Así lo anunció seis meses antes de la consulta, en diciembre de 2004, y al inicio de la campaña previa al referéndum, el 3 de junio, cuando todavía era presidente de la Unión Europea. Los partidarios del 'no' a la Constitución Europea no demoraron sus críticas ante esta decisión de Juncker de vincular su futuro político al resultado de la consulta al creer que ésta repercutiría en la opción del voto de los ciudadanos ya que es muy valorado entre ellos. Pero pese a saber que la población de su país es par-Page 194tidaria de la construcción europea, el primer ministro también tenía en su mano sondeos como el del instituto demoscópico IRLES, que pronosticaba que el porcentaje de luxemburgueses que tenía la intención de votar 'sí' al tratado europeo había descendido de un 60 por ciento en octubre de 2004 a un 46 por ciento dos meses antes de la consulta, mientras que los partidarios del 'no' se habían incrementado en trece puntos hasta alcanzar un 32 por ciento en ese mismo periodo.
La campaña del referéndum luxemburgués sobre el tratado constitucional, el primero que se celebraba en setenta años en el país y de carácter no vinculante, comenzó el 3 de junio con información sobre el texto y sus consecuencias en internet, anuncios en los medios de comunicación y folletos informativos, y contó con la colaboración de las instituciones europeas establecidas en Luxemburgo, ya que este país es sede del parlamento Europeo, algunos servicios de la Comisión Europea, el tribunal de Justicia, el tribunal de Cuentas, el banco Europeo de inversiones y la Oficina de publicaciones...
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- Europa busca modelo
- Agradecimientos
- Prólogo. El rescate sustantivo del tratado constitucional europeo
- Introducción
- El 'si' a la constitución europea en los parlamentos nacionales y en las urnas
- La ausencia de opinión pública europea
- El debate nacional sobre europa en la campaña de los referenda
- El referéndum español I. El contexto político
- El referéndum español II. Las negociaciones con los grupos minoritarios
- El referéndum español III. La campaña electoral
- El referéndum español III. El 20-F
- El referéndum francés
- El referéndum holandés
- El referéndum en Luxemburgo
- Nueva agenda política para los ciudadanos europeos tras un año de reflexión
- Alemania retoma la cuestión constitucional con la intención de reanimarla y de relanzar la unidad de Europa
- La europa política de los amigos de la constitución pasa por un acuerdo de máximos
- La constitución europea, ¿un modelo para europa?
- Conclusiones
- Bibliografía
- Epílogo. El referéndum de la constitución europea y los medios de comunicación
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