Resumen de la discusión Séptima Mesa Redonda
Author | Carlos Gómez-Jara Díez |
Pages | 227-228 |
Page 227
En la ponencia inicial, el Prof. SUÁREZ GONZÁLEZ alabó el esfuerzo realizado por los redactores del conocido Corpus Iuris para la protección de los intereses financieros de la Unión Europea -germen de un futuro Derecho penal económico europeo- pero a la hora de evaluar un balance sobre los logros obtenidos consideró que el saldo era más bien negativo. Así, si bien consideró que el Corpus Juris logró el objetivo que, en principio, se propuso -a saber, generar un debate público sobre el papel del Derecho penal y procesal penal en el ámbito de la integración europea-, era de la opinión de que el panorama actual sumamente desalentador. En este sentido, atribuía a una suerte de voluntarismo emanado de las instancias burocráticas comunitarias -plasmado en el literalmente «malogrado» Tratado por el que se establece una «Constitución para Europa»- el hecho de que se pudiera plantear la creación de un Derecho penal europeo. Así sostuvo que, el factor que abogaba de manera más vehemente por una integración jurídico-penal de carácter sectorial a nivel europeo era la introducción de la moneda única el 1 de enero de 2002; puesto que, los países que han asumido el Euro se ven abocados a establecer una respuesta penal única en materia de falsificación de moneda. Pero en líneas generales, como se ha indicado, afirmó que la armonización del Derecho penal en Europa sigue siendo una quimera de difícil realización, fundamentamente debido a que toda unión política presupone una previa integración económica si quiere tener éxito.
En su intervención, el Prof. GONZÁLEZ RUS afirmó que, hasta el momento, el Derecho penal no había sido un factor de integración europeo y el balance hasta la fecha -al contrario de lo expresado por SUÁREZ GONZÁLEZ- era bastante positivo. En este sentido, constató un avance notable en los últimos tiempos gracias a la promulgación de numerosas decisiones-marco que terminaban afectando, de una u otra manera, al Derecho penal nacional de los Estados Miembros; por otro lado, consideró que existía un importante aparato de principios comunitarios que resultaban sumamente operativos frente a las demandas más urgentes de interpretación. A partir de dicho status quo, GONZÁLEZ RUS opinaba que la Constitución Europea tenía en mente un Derecho penal Europeo, el cual, a la luz de la subsanación del déficit democrático que conlleva dicha Constitución, resultaba, en su opinión, plenamente legítimo. Advertía, no...
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