Social and cultural norms that support violence

• Pages: 228-231

Vo

l. 7 N

o

. 1

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arc

h,

202

1

A

cademic Journal o

f

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dministration, Law and Social Science

s

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g

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ustri

a

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cces online at www.ii

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22

8

Socia

l

an

d

cu

l

tura

l

norms t

h

at su

pp

ort vio

l

enc

e

PhD (C.) Mirgeta Kapa

U

niversity o

f

Tirana,

A

lbania

Ab

str

a

c

t

The

f

oundations o

f

human society are built on the culture and structure o

f

society. Norms are

principles made by the people. Western and

E

astern societies have dif‌f erent norms. First comes

t

he social structure, followed by culture, therefore by the cooperation of the individual with

e

ach other.

U

nfortunately, many norms are built to support violence and evil against the person.

S

tarting from the principle and protective instincts of man as a rational animal 'protection' is

o

ne o

f

these instincts. During this article more descriptive and sensitizing writing is presented

t

o understand that social and cultural norms have two sides in which people can interfere

and improve. Social and cultural norms are woven into interpretations and expressions o

f

health and illness through dynamic, interactive relationships at all levels of inf‌l uence from the

g

ene to the society. Social and cultural norms o en mediate the relationship between ethnicity

and health, even ef‌f ecting gene expression through such practices as marriage rules, lifestyle

choices and environmental exposures.

K

e

y

words: Social, cultural norms, violence.

I

ntr

oduc

t

io

n

S

ocia

l

norms

d

etermine t

h

e

b

e

h

aviors t

h

at, among a

ll

t

h

ose t

h

at are

p

ossi

bl

e in a given

situation, “others (as a grou

p

, as a communit

y

, as a societ

y

) think are the correct ones,

f

or one reason or another” (Lahlou, 2017, 124). B

y

de

f‌i

ning the sociall

y

acce

p

ted wa

y

s

of

acting in certain contexts and situations, social norms are a central

p

art o

f

social

r

egu

l

ation, t

h

e

p

rocess t

h

roug

h

w

h

ic

h

“ot

h

er sta

k

e

h

o

ld

ers regu

l

ate our activit

y

”. B

y

d

oing t

h

is, t

h

e

y

a

l

so mar

k

our mem

b

ers

h

i

p

an

d

pl

ace in a grou

p

,

h

ow we

p

erceive

social situations, how we relate and interact with others, and how we res

p

ond to

c

ultural

p

roducts (Sheri

f

, 1965).

E

m

p

irical studies in

p

s

y

cholog

y

and other disci

p

lines

h

ave ex

p

lored extensivel

y

the

p

otential o

f

using interventions based on social norms

t

o trans

f

orm behavior in real-world se ings (Tankard, M. Paluck,

E

.L, 2016, 181–211).

These em

p

irical studies have identi

f‌i

ed a wide variet

y

o

f

general to

p

ics o

f

en

q

uir

y

and moderators that in

f‌l

uence the

p

otential o

f

social norms to change behavior. We

l

ist a

f

ew o

f

the most

p

o

p

ular areas o

f

research below, di

f‌f

erentiating between those

t

hat

f

ocus on the im

p

ortance o

f

the a ributes o

f

behaviors and social norms, and

t

hose that em

p

hasize the im

p

ortance o

f

the contexts in which those behaviors and

social norms are embedded. Social norms can be thought o

f

as: "rules that

p

rescribe

w

h

at

p

eo

pl

e s

h

ou

ld

an

d

s

h

ou

ld

not

d

o given t

h

eir socia

l

surroun

d

ings" (

k

nown as

milieu, socio cultural context

)

and circumstances.

E

xamination o

f

norms is "sca ered

across

d

isci

pl

ines an

d

researc

h

tra

d

itions, wit

h

no c

l

ear consensus on

h

ow t

h

e term

should be used" (Hechter, Michael;

Opp

, Karl-Dieter, 2001).

C

ultural norms are rules or ex

p

ectations o

f

behavior and thoughts based on shared