Social factors that lead women and men to suicide

AuthorZyhra Gripshi
PositionUniversity 'Aleksander Xhuvani', Elbasan, Albania
Pages18-22
Vo
l.
6
N
o
. 2
J
ul
y
, 2020
A
cademic Journal o
f
Business,
A
dministration, Law and Social Science
s
II
PCCL Publishin
g
, Graz-
A
ustri
a
ISS
N 2410-391
8
A
cces online at www.ii
p
ccl.or
g
1
8
Socia
l f
ac
t
o
r
s
th
a
t l
ea
d w
o
m
e
n
a
nd m
e
n t
o
suici
d
e
P
D (C.) Z
ra Grips
U
niversity “
Al
e
k
san
d
er X
h
uvani”,
Elb
asan,
Alb
ania
Ab
str
a
ct
B
y suici
d
e we mean t
he
action o
f
a person to cause his own death, to escape an un
f
avorable
j
udgment situation
f
or him. The term suicide (suicide) was
rst used in the 13th century.
I
t
used to be called “homicide”. Today, some 1 million people worldwide die
f
rom suicide each
year.
A
ccor
d
ing to t
h
e Wor
ld
Hea
l
t
h
O
rganization, every 40 secon
d
s in t
h
e wor
ld
, someone
c
ommits suicide. Suicide now ranks eighth in the world, among the leading causes o
f
death in
t
he general population, and is even the third leading cause o
f
death among individuals between
t
he ages o
f
15 and 24.
O
ther gender di
erences related to suicide have also been observed.
I
n
m
ost studies,
f
emale suicide is labeled as a “
f
ailure” (less violent or less success
f
ul a empt)
a
nd men are described as positive or “success
f
ul,” suggesting that suicide is conditional.
F
rom a range o
f
assumptions and norms turning it into a masculine phenomenon.
I
n addition,
f
emale suicide has o
en been overlooked or misreported in the literature. There are many
s
ocial
f
actors that in
uence, such as social status, religion, and
f
amily problems
.
T
he purpose o
f
this paper is to analyze the various social
f
actors that a
ect the increase o
f
s
uici
d
e at young ages.
A
n
d
w
h
o easi
l
y
l
ea
d
s men or women to suici
d
e. T
h
e researc
h
question
t
hat this paper aims to analyze is: What are the
f
actors that lead to an increase in the number
o
f
suicides and what is the gender most a
ected by the phenomenon? The methodology used
is t
h
e quantitative an
d
qua
l
itative one w
h
ere t
h
e
d
ata wi
ll
b
e co
ll
ecte
d
t
h
roug
h
a questionnaire
a
nalyzing the o
cial documents and existing reports
f
rom the World Health
O
rganization
a
nd th
e
I
nst
i
t
u
t
e
of
P
u
bl
i
c H
ea
lth St
a
t
i
st
i
cs
.
K
e
y
wor
d
s: suicide, causes, statistics, social
f
actors, etc
.
I
ntr
odu
ct
io
n
T
he most in
uential study on the issue o
f
suicide continues to be the one conducted
b
y
E
mile Durkheim, “Suicide”,
rst published in 1897. Suicide is a social phenomenon
t
hat goes beyond the individual act. Durkheim de
ned suicide as a death caused by the
victim himsel
f
, doing something (positive act), such as
ring a
rearm or not doing it
(negative act), suc
h
as not eating: “Suici
d
e is
d
eat
h
w
h
ic
h
occurs t
h
roug
h
an
d
as a resu
l
t
o
f
a
p
ositive or negative action o
f
the victim himsel
f
who knows that b
y
his actions he
wi
ll
cause
d
eat
h
”(Dur
kh
eim,
E
., 2015: 8). Dur
kh
eim points out t
h
at suici
d
e is cause
d
by
a lack o
f
integration o
f
the individual into the social communit
y
. Suicide motives
a
lso de
ne their t
yp
olog
y
in
f
our
f
orms: sel
sh, altruistic, anomic, and
f
atalistic. The
rst two occur
f
rom the degree o
f
moral integration o
f
the individual into the collective
c
ommunit
y
in which he lives. Sel
sh suicide occurs when the individual has a low
l
evel o
f
communit
y
integration. Due to the
p
ronounced individualism, he does not
nd himsel
f
in that communit
y
(
f
amil
y
, religious,
p
olitical, etc.).
I
t can be said that
t
he individual is inappropriately structured as an element o
f
the social community.

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