Statutory schemes of social security (Directive 79/7)

AuthorGenoveva Tisheva
Pages55-59
55
7 Statutory schemes of social security (Directive 79/7)
7.1 General (legal) context
7.1.1 Surveys and reports on the practical difficulties linked to statutory schemes of social
security (Directive 79/7)
There are no such specific reports on the issue in question.
Here is some data from surveys including comparisons with the EU. For example, indicative
of the level of stereotyping in Bulga ria are the results from a 2017 Eurobarometer surv ey
showing that in Bulgaria, 81 % of men are of the opinion that women should stay at home
rather than go to work. At the other extreme are Swedes, with only 11 % of Swedish men
of this opinion.66
According to data from agency Infograf, from 2017, Bulgaria ranks second last in Europe
in relation to labour longevity, based on data for 2015.67 This figure was 32.1 years.
Nevertheless, the difference between women and men is only 2.6 years and there is a
tendency towards further closing of this gap.
There are analyses focusing on the problems of women who are retired because of the
lower income and the higher risk of poverty. There are researchers with interest in th is
issue due to the low level of commentaries on these aspects o f gender inequality and the
increasing poverty among retired women. The most interesting intersection between
poverty and the health status of women has to b e explored, as there is a total lack of
political sensitivity on the issue, and due to the social -economic environment itself, which
is a condition for the reproducing of the problem at a higher scale.68
7.1.2 Other relevant issues
Here, the author mentions again the impact of the GPG on the pension gap, as illustrated
in the publication of the National Statistical Instituteз ‘Men and women in Bulgaria нлму’.69
The differences in pensions between the two sexes were mentioned above in the Equal pay
section. Women prevail in the segments of the lower pensions and vice versa men prevail
in the higher pensions’ levels and the maximum amount.
During th e whole observed period, the risk of poverty for retired women is higher than
that for men. In 2017, the relative ratio of poor women is higher than poor retired men,
by 14.9 percent points.
As a matter of fact, periods that are most related to women as carers are counted as
ensured periods for seniority but are not taken into account for defining the insurance
income:
- the periods of leave for pregnancy and maternityз adoption leave from the child’s age
of two to five years, the paid and unpaid parental leave, unpaid leave from w ork;
- the periods of counted seniority for non-working mothers;
- the periods when a parent or adoptive parent has taken permanent care of his/her
disabled child until 16 years of age, and due t o that has not worked under labour or
civil servants’ contracts and was not insured;
- the periods when a parent (adoptive parent) of a disabled person or one of the
parents of the mentioned parent (adoptive parent) of such a disabled person, or
66 https://btvnovinite.bg/bulgaria/obshtestvo/ravenstvoto-mezhdu-polovete-u-nas-realnost-ili-dobro-
pozhelanie.html.
67 https://www.infograf.bg/article/1498390496000.
68 https://www.challengingthelaw.com/biopravo/bednost-zdraven-status/.
69 https://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/files/publications/WM2018.pdf.

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