Study of the chemical variation of phenolic compounds of the wild growing cowslip populations (Primula veris L.), collected in some regions of Kosovo

AuthorMuzafer Luma - Ndoc Faslia
PositionAgricultural Faculty, University of Prishtina, Kosovo - Department of Plant Sciences and Technologies, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania
Pages171-177
171
Vol. 4 No.3
January, 2019
Balkan Journal of Interdisciplinary Research
IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria
ISSN 2410-759X
Acces online at www.iipccl.org
Study of the chemical variation of phenolic compounds of the wild growing
cowslip populations (Primula veris L.), collected in some regions of Kosovo
Muzafer Luma
Agricultural Faculty, University of Prishtina, Kosovo
Ndoc Faslia
Department of Plant Sciences and Technologies, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania
Abstract
Except the owers, also the roots of cowslip (Primula veris L.), contain several glycosides such
as primeverin and primulaverin, which are very important in the pharmaceutical industry.
In the presented study, are included 20 cowslip samples, which represent 10 populations of
this plant, distributed in the two main regions of the country, in the “Rrafshi i Dukagjinit”
in the west and Rrafshi i Kosoves in the east. Root chemical analyzes, indicate that there is a
great diversity of glycosides, mainly primeverin. The regressive analysis shows the presence
of veri ed variations between cowslip populations, related to the content of primeverin,
measured for each sample included in this study.
Populations with the highest content of the primeverine, result those collected in Rroshkodol
(population number 2), Stankaj (population 6), Gollak (population15) and Radishevo
(population number 19). These data on the glycoside content of cowslip roots , are of high
interest for scientists, and pharmaceutical industry, but also for medicinal plant cultivators,
in order to orient them to the multiplication and cultivation of those populations that have
higher content of this chemical component.
Keywords: glycosides, population, regression analysis, diversity, primeverin, primulaverin.
Introduction
Cowslip (Primula veris L.) is one of the most important medical plants growing on
Kosovo's territory under natural conditions. For medicinal purposes, are used the
leaves, owers and roots of cowslip, which can be used as diuretic tea, analgesic,
and antispasmodic. The extracts of this plant are rich in saponines, and referring to
a number of pharmaceutical studies, it is concluded that these substances have very
good anti-asthmatic, anti-in ammatory and anti-viral e ects.
In natural conditions in the territory of Kosovo, cowslip is found mainly in the
mountains of the Alps. Kosovo's habitats are very rich in cowslip populations, but
collection and exploitation of this plant is a very problematic issue, because it continues
to be harvest annually in an uncontrolled manner is the fact that this plant continues
to accumulate annually in a completely uncontrolled manner. For that reason in
some areas of Kosovo, some important populations of cowslip are extremely exploit,
and consequently the cowslip grown in these areas can be classi ed as "endangered"
for extinction. These populations are endangered, especially in those habitats where
human intervention is strong: with annual harvesting, intensive grazing as well as
because deforestation of some territories.

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