Testing for Cytomegalovirus infection of women in reproductive age through detection of Anti-CMV antibodies CMV IgG and IgM

• Pages: 38-45

Vol. 7 No. 2

July, 2021

Academic Journal of Business, Administration, Law and Social Sciences

IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria

ISSN 2410-3918

Acces online at www.iipccl.org

38

Testing for Cytomegalovirus infection of women in reproductive age through

detection of Anti-CMV antibodies CMV IgG and IgM

Aneta Çomo

1University”Eqerem Çabej”Gjirokastra, Faculty of Natural Sciences,

Departament of Biology-Chemistry,Albania

Anila Mitre

2University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences , Departament of Biology,Albania

Melpomeni Zisoy

3Hospital “ΉΈΛΠΊΣ ”,Athens Greece

Abstract

The aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of acute and chronic infection with

Cytomegalovirusinwomenatreproductiveagefrom16-45yearsinAlbania.Earlydiagnosis

of primary infection with Cytomegalovirus requires a highly sensitive and quantitative

assay for IgG and IgM antibodies, to discriminate between chronic and recent infections.

Thepresence ofCytomegalovirus -specicIgM inserum isan indicatorof recentinfection,

but often IgM persists and may be detected for years after the occurrence of the infection. A

primaryinfectionduringthersttrimesterofpregnancycausefoetal damage.Measurement

of IgG avidity may improve the accuracy of the serological diagnosis dating the infection

moreprecisely.ThereforeahighIgGCytomegalovirusAvidityIndexduringthersttrimester

excludes acute infection during pregnancy.

Atotal of11339 seraare analyzed(separatedin sevenyears)bytype-specic IgGand IgM

antibodiesagainst,withECL assays(bridgingsystem)at Cobas6000instrument.Antibodies

anti-CMVIgM aredetectedin 1.8%of the11339womeninour studygroup.Theantibodies

anti-CMVIgG are detectedin 76,5% ofthe11339 womensinour studygroup.Serological

testsforIgG/IgManti-Cytomegalovirusantibodiesmayfailto dierentiatebetweenarecent

and past infection. However, the IgG-avidity test detected low-avidity antibodies only in

26,2%oftheIgMpositivewomen,suggestingarecentinfection.152women(73,8%)hadhigh-

avidityantibodies,indicatingthattheinfectionwasacquiredinthedistantpast.BasedonIgM

Cytomegalovirusserology alone,at least152 IgM-positivewomen mayhave beenwrongly

labeled as having acute infection.

Keywords: cytomegalovirus, avidity, anti-CMV IgG antibody, anti-CMV IgM antibody,bridging

system.

Introduction

Human cytomegalovirus or Human Herpesvirus-5 belong to the Herpesviridae family.

The name Cytomegalovirus derivesfrom the fact that cellsinfectedwith it, greatly

increase their size by 30-40 μm. If compared to other family members, it is noticed

thatit isthelargestviruswith anunbranched lineargenome consistingof235 kb:

Crough& Khanna,(2009).Itscapsidhasthecubicsymmetryof aregular icosagon

withadiameterofabout150-200nm.Thecapsidconsistsof 162capsomeresand is