The Albanian-American Relations under the American Optics during 1945

• Author: Marsel Nilaj
• Position: University of Shkoder
• Pages: 260-267

Vol. 1 No. 1

January 2017

European Journal of Economics, Law and Social Sciences

IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria

ISSN 2519-1284

Acces online at www.iipccl.org

260

The Albanian-American Relations under the American Optics during 1945

PhD (C.) Marsel Nilaj

University of Shkoder

Abstract

The United States of America, which played a very important role during World War II, were

seen from the European Nations as the lantern that would help into leading the continent

towards democratic peace. Like all the other European states, Albania as well had such a

hope. The communist regime which was implemented in Albania a er 1945 was oriented from

Yugoslavian communism in its fi rst years.

The relations between these two countries seemed cold, but it was America which wanted

to break the ice and was asking for the situation to change through the organization of free

and democratic elections, whereas Albania was looking for recognition of its communist

government. The presentation of a communist facade in front of the Americans and with the

change of the equilibrium, where Great Britain together with the Soviet Union recognized

the Albanian government, forced USA to withdraw their requests, with the most important

request, which consisted of free democratic elections. However, the Albanian people su ered

violence and oppression from a deformed Stalinist election system, which clearly broke the

social, economic and spiritual equilibrium of the Albanians.

Keywords: USA, Albania, Enver Hoxha, Communism, Diplomacy.

Introduction

The Albanian territory was set free by the end of November 1944 from the last

German forces and was awaken under the communist government. The existing

political groups during the war, the nationalist wing as well as the collaborationists

were inexistent. The communists, who had contacts with the British, as well as the

Americans during the war, were formed as a party and recognized from communist

Yugoslavia. In front of the people they were presented as the only power by using

heroic propaganda.

The Balkan area had signifi cant importance for the The United States of America

a er WWII, and as a result they were also entering in postwar political relations with

Albania. Since the beginning of January 1945, the State Department had started to set

up the group that would deal with contacts in Albania. The purpose of this group

was to overthrow the communist government discretely, since the US Government

had recognized Hoxha’s communist regime (FRUS, 1967, 1). Members of this group

were Joseph E. Jacobs, who was a foreign a air o cial in the political commi ee of

the United States. Harry Fultz was the economic consultant of the foreign a airs, as

well as Alexander C. Kirk the American ambassador in Italy and political consultant

of the Mediterranean powers in Italy. In a plan with seven points, Jacobs was given

the competence to supervise the situation in the country with the purpose of se ing

diplomatic relations between these two countries in the future. Likewise, he had to