The Migration's Consequences in Albania after 1990

• Author: Diana Mone
• Position: University of Durrës
• Pages: 238-244

ISSN 2410-3918 Academic Journal of Business, Administration, Law and Social Sciences Vol 1 No 2

Acces online at www.iipccl.org IIPCCL Publishing, Tirana-Albania July 2015

238

he Migration’s Consequences in Albania aer 1990

Msc. Diana Mone

University of Durrës

Abstract

Migration is one of the most prominent phenomena in these ultimate years. It has brought

some consequences, such as the concentration of population in major cities and the economic

development, but also a number of social problems too. e change of political and economic

system in Albania aer 1990, put Albanian society in front of a series of phenomena. Democracy

in Albania gave way to the free movement of people. is paper is focused on issues such as:

economic-nancial diculties, unemployment, forced child labor, spread of deviant behavior, lack

of shelter, dropout, perturbation of the nature element.

Keywords: Migration, democracy , social problems, , deviant behavior, nature element.

Introduction

e change of the political regime in 1990 brought some changes in the Albanian social

life, such as: the transition from a centralized economy into a free market economy; the

movements of the population (migration and emigration) were strictly controlled by the

government, but aer the ’90s there were no obstacles to control or prevent the chaotic

migration and emigration movements. e changes, which happened rapidly, found the

Albanian society unprepared aer 45 years of isolation by the dictatorial political system.

Albania was one of the most isolated countries in the world and the this momentum of

transititon generated new legal and cultural norms, which were not entirely assimilated

in their real sense. e society thought that: “Democracy provided unlimited individual

freedom, in every aspect.” In this sense, this paper refers to migration in Albania aer

the 90’s and the social problems that derived from it; as well as the challenges/eorts of

the Albanian society to be integrated into this new economic and political system. e

research is based on the method of observation, interviews and analysis of data.

Reasons of mass migration in Albania

e rural exodus of the population in Albania is attributed to the suocating model of

inequality of the socio-economic level of districts, inhabited centers and branches of

economy. So, life in the countryside or in small towns was very hard, due to the jobs’

prole (agruculture, livestock, mining, etc) and awed service sector. e ow of

migration toward cities and more developed regions, mainly including Tirana, stems from

the inherited economic-territorial imbalances, profounded even more from the economic

instability and decline (Shtëpani, 2007, 262).

at part of society, which for years lived and worked in rural areas, with the discourse of