The sanitation of autochthonous grapevine cultivars (Kallmet and Vlosh) from viral infections using in vitro techniques
| Author | Elektra Papakosta |
| Position | Center of Transfers of Agricultural Technologies, Vlore, Albania |
| Pages | 53-57 |
Vo
l.
6
N
o
.
3
N
ovember
,
2020
ISS
N 2410-391
8
A
cces online at www.ii
p
ccl.or
g
53
A
cademic Journal o
f
Business,
A
dministration, Law and Social Sciences
II
PCCL Publishin
g
, Graz-
A
ustria
The sanitation of autochthonous grapevine cultivars (Kallmet and Vlosh)
from viral infections using
in
vit
r
o
techni
q
ues
E
l
e
k
tra Pa
p
a
k
ost
a
Center o
f
Trans
f
ers o
f
A
gricultural Technologies, Vlore,
A
lbania
Abs
tr
ac
t
T
he use of the “pure” plant material constitutes a necessity for development of the contemporary
horticulture, determined by the phytosanitary normative. We studied some autochthonous
g
rapevine cultivars (Vlosh and Kallmet) in order to evaluate the phytosanitation state
d
iagnosed with the serological method of D
A
S-
E
L
I
S
A
for the presence of viruses such as: GFLV,
GFcV, GLRaV-1, GLRaV-3. The results o
f
the serolo
g
ical testin
g
the cultivars resulted in
f
ected
with the virus GLRaV-3
(
G
rapevine lea
f
roll-associated virus
)
.
I
n order to improve the grapevine
cultivars from the viral infection we applied the
i
n
vi
tr
o
technique:
I
n
vi
tr
o
meristem tip culture
a
nd
i
n
vi
tr
o
h
eat therapy, by going through all its phases such as inoculation, propagation,
r
ootin
g
, and
i
n
vivo
a
ccl
i
m
a
t
i
z
a
t
io
n. F
o
r
ea
ch
o
f th
e
st
u
d
ie
s c
u
lt
i
v
a
r w
e
r
e
i
s
o
l
a
t
e
d 3
0
m
e
r
i
st
e
m
tips 0,4-0,6 mm in size which were excised from young 4 -5 cm long shoots of infected plants
from the apical stems and a er 40 days in the vegetative room we received 18 explants Vlosh
a
nd 14 explants Kallmet.
I
nfected plants were put in a growth chamber at 38°C, with a 16 h
p
hotoperiod (5000 lux). The new plants were put in the
in
vi
tr
o
thermotherapy chamber; the
Vlosh plants stayed there for 3 months and Kallmet plants 4 months in temperature 38⁰C
i
n therapeutic treatment.
A
er the adoption
i
n
vivo
acclimatization these plants underwent
the sanitation evaluation which proved the phytosanitation purity of the cultivars 3/5 Vlosh
g
rapevine and 2/3 Kallmet grapevine.
Ke
y
word
s
:
meristematic culture, the sanitized in vitro, thermotherapy in vitro
.
grapevine lea
f
roll-
associated virus, Kallmet, Vlosh
.
I
ntr
oduc
t
io
n
T
he
p
re
p
aration and im
p
lementation o
f
the scienti
fi
c guidelines o
f
the
p
roli
f
eration
material is ver
y
im
p
ortant
f
or the
p
roduction o
f
the gra
p
evine seedlings, as a
n
ecessar
y
condition to realize a high
q
ualit
y
f
ruit
y
culture as a determined task
f
rom
t
h
e
phy
tosanitar
y
regu
l
ations
.
T
he
p
h
y
tosanitar
y
degradation o
f
the gra
p
evine
f
ruit cultures makes it necessar
y
to im
p
lement the
p
rogram o
f
genetic and
p
h
y
tosanitar
y
im
p
rovement, in order to
p
reserve the autochthonous germo
p
lasm in
f
ruit cultures. The sanitation controls
i
n gra
p
evine have evaluated a high rate o
f
in
f
ection where the
p
lants mani
f
est
s
y
m
p
toms o
f
the disease
f
rom viruses (M
y
rta
e
t al.
,
1994). T
h
e
p
ro
p
er recognition
o
f the viral agents and the s
p
ecies that undergo sanitation techni
q
ues determine the
selection of the more effi cient techni
q
ues:
i
n
vi
tr
o
a
n
d
i
n
vivo
thera
p
ies of the a
p
ical
meristems. The
p
rograms o
f
cloned and sanitar
y
selection o
f
the local varieties with
n
ational im
p
ortance
f
or the creation o
f
the
p
rimar
y
resources are the onl
y
alternative
to recu
p
erate the autochthonous germo
p
lasm in
f
ruits culture and gra
p
evines.
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