Theoretical and practical aspects on the conditions for imposing precautionary measures according to the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Albania

• Pages: 99-107

Vol. 7 No. 2

July, 2021

ISSN 2410-3918

Acces online at www.iipccl.org

99

Academic Journal of Business, Administration, Law and Social Sciences

IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria

Theoretical and practical aspects on the conditions for imposing

precautionary measures according to the Code of Criminal Procedure of the

Republic of Albania

Klodjan Skenderaj

University of Tirana, Albania

Abstract

Precautionary measures are procedural actions that deprive or restrict the freedom and

rightsof theperson againstwhom criminalproceedings areconducted. Theyare intended

topreventfurther criminalactivity oftheperpetrator ofa criminaloense,to preventhis

avoidanceofprosecution, eortshemay maketo jeopardize thetaking of evidenceor its

veracity,aswellastoguaranteetheselementofobligationsarisingfromthecriminaloense.

However,inimposingprecautionarymeasuresbythecourt,caremustbetakennottoinfringe

ontherightsofthepersonsagainstwhomprecautionarymeasuresareimposed,asthiswould

have consequences for all the various procedural actions. Therefore, the court, as a body for

guaranteeing the rights of the individual in the criminal process, raises the suspicion that the

personmayhavecommiedthecriminaloenseonlyifonthebasisofitsinternalconviction,

then a precautionary measure can be imposed on him, both of a personal and property

character. Therefore, the court according to the Albanian criminal procedural law, before

imposing the precautionary measure requested by the prosecutor, must take into consideration

the conditions and criteria that must exist according to the Code of Criminal Procedure. Only

after the court has ascertained the existence of requirements and criteria can it then determine

or not the measure requested by the prosecutor or a less severe precautionary measure.

Keywords: precautionary measure, measure revocation, criminal process, prosecutor,

defendant.

I. Introduction

According to the current code of criminal procedure in Albania, precautionary

measures can be imposed only on the basis of a court decision which approves

therequestoftheprosecutor. Thisisa greatachievementifwereferto thecodeof

criminalprocedureof1979,orinotherwordsthecodeofthecommunistdictatorship

system,whereprecautionary measureswere setbythe prosecutorIn thisrespect,

withthedemocraticchangesoftheearly90’sinourcountryintheframeworkofthe

democratization of the political system, the codes had to be democratized, as is the

caseofthecriminalprocedurecode,whichwasadoptedin1995.

This code over the years, to date has undergone many changes in terms of the

chapterof precautionarymeasuresand especiallythe denitionof conditions and

criteriathat mustexiston theirappointment.Infact,in practiceallthese years,we

havefaced themost bizarresituations wheretheAlbaniancourtsoften prejudiced

tended to impose the most extreme precautionary measure, such as the measure of

imprisonment. In fact, the legislator, occurring in these conditions, has intervened

especiallywith thechanges madein theCodewithLawno.35/2017,byimposing