El medio ambiente en la Unión Europea y la Constitución Española. Marco competencial
Author | Fernández García, Ricardo |
Profession | Químico |
Pages | 13-17 |
Page 13
El desarrollo sostenible es uno de los objetivos de la Unión Europea (UE). En efecto, el Tratado de Niza en su apartado "Objetivos de la Unión", recoge que la Unión Europea "obrará en pro del desarrollo sostenible de Europa basado en un crecimiento económico equilibrado, en una economía social de mercado altamente competitiva, tendente al pleno empleo y al progreso social y en un nivel elevado de protección y mejora de la calidad del medio ambiente".
Este párrafo se viene a repetir en apartado "Protección del medio ambiente" donde recoge que las políticas de la Unión integrarán y garantizarán con arreglo al principio de desarrollo sostenible un alto nivel de protección del medio ambiente y mejora de su calidad. Este principio de integración de las exigencias ambientales en las demás políticas de la UE fue introducido en el Acta Única Europea y ha ido adquiriendo cada vez una mayor importancia.
Los objetivos de la Unión Europea en lo que a la protección del medio ambiente se refiere son:
· preservar, proteger y mejorar la calidad del medio ambiente;
· proteger la salud de las personas;
· utilizar los recursos naturales de forma prudente y racional;
· promover medidas a escala internacional destinadas a hacer frente a los problemas regionales o mundiales del medio ambiente.
Respecto de los principios y condiciones de la acción ambiental, pueden subdividirse en dos bloques:
· los principios que han de regir la actuación ambiental de la Unión
· las condiciones o factores externos a la política ambiental (de tipo técnico, económico o político) que la Unión ha de tener en cuenta en su actuación.
Estos son:
· Necesidad de alcanzar un nivel de protección elevado, siempre teniendo en cuenta. "la diversidad de situaciones existentes en las distintas regiones de la Unión", lo que permite una diferenciación
Page 14
de los estándares de protección en determinadas regiones de la misma.
· Principios de cautela y acción preventiva. La política de la Unión se basará en los principios de cautela y acción preventiva. o El principio de acción preventiva significa que la Unión Europea ha de tomar medidas de protección ambiental aún antes de que se haya producido un daño o lesión al mismo, por el mero riesgo de que esta tenga lugar. Este principio genera un conjunto de medidas de protección ambiental muy eficaces como la necesidad de autorizaciones para...
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- Principales obligaciones medioambientales para la pequeña y mediana empresa
- Introducción
- El medio ambiente en la Unión Europea y la Constitución Española. Marco competencial
- La contaminación atmosférica
- Vertido de aguas residuales
- Residuos industriales
- Suelos contaminados
- Principales obligaciones del industrial
- Calendario del industrial
- Glosario de términos
- Legislación aplicable
- Bibliografía
- Anexo 1.- Concepto de evaluación de impacto ambiental
- Anexo 2.- Aspectos clave de la Ley 16/2002 de prevención integrada de la contaminación
- Anexo 3.- Planes de prevención de residuos peligrosos para la industria
- Anexo 4.- El Protocolo de Kyoto. Situación actual. Sus implicaciones
- Anexo 5.- Contaminantes orgánicos persistentes (COP). Situación actual
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