Carintia adopta una ley "modelo" para el cultivo de de OGMs
Author | Sebastián Romero Melchor |
Position | Abogado |
Las regiones europeas que se oponen al cultivo en su territorio de productos alimenticios genéticamente modificados han visto en la región de Carintia una fuente de inspiración. Esta provincia montañosa del sur de Austria ha introducido lo que en los dos bandos del debate biotecnológico se considera una ley modelo. No supone ilegalizar cosechas genéticamente modificadas (GM), sino permitir a los agricultores, de forma voluntaria, crear zonas en las que los productos cultivados no sufran alteraciones genéticas (GM free zones), y en las que se obligue a aquellos que quieran producir cosechas GM a pedir una autorización.
Según la Comisión Europea, la "iniciativa Carintiana" es totalmente acorde a la legislación de la Unión Europea. De forma contraria, una ley adoptada en la Alta Austria cuyo objetivo era prohibir cosechas GM en toda la región había sido revocada anteriormente por la Comisión Europea. La Alta Austria está por el momento apelando en contra de la decisión del ejecutivo comunitario ante el Tribunal de Justicia de las Comunidades Europeas.
Según el portavoz de Agricultura de la Comisión Europea, "no hay ningún problema si las regiones crean zonas libres de productos genéticamente modificados, pero tiene que hacerse de forma voluntaria para los agricultores afectados. Si existen OGMs que son científicamente saludables, no se puede denegar a los agricultores el derecho a cultivarlos. Este es uno de los principios fundamentales de la UE."
Las garantías oficiales de que las cosechas GM no suponen un riesgo perceptible para la salud humana o para el medio ambiente no han hecho desaparecer los temores extendidos sobre ellas, y es poco probable que las autoridades locales vayan a adoptar una opinión pública al respecto. El grupo anti-globalización ATTAC anunció el mes pasado que 38 de los 60 millones de habitantes de Francia viven en áreas en las que la autoridad local ha declarado su oposición a productos alimenticios genéticamente modificados.
La situación es similar en otros países de la UE. En noviembre de 2003, diez provincias formaron una red de regiones "GM-free" (la Toscana en Italia, Gales, el País Vasco, Schleswig-Holstein en Alemania y Aquitania en Francia). Desde entonces, el...
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