Dictamen del Banco Central Europeo de 23 de septiembre de 2020 sobre propuestas de reglamentos por los que se modifica el marco de la Unión para la titulización frente a la pandemia de la COVID-19 (CON/2020/22)
Sección: | Serie C |
Emisor: | Banco Central Europeo |
9.11.2020 ES Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea C 377/1
3.1. La Comisión propone, de acuerdo con la recomendación de la Autoridad Bancaria Europea (ABE) en su informe de 6 de mayo de 2020 (EBA/OP/2020/07) (10), introducir un marco específico para las titulizaciones sintéticas del balance STS, similar al marco STS vigente para las titulizaciones tradicionales. La propuesta de la Comisión también introduce una ponderación del riesgo preferente para los tramos preferentes de las titulizaciones sintéticas STS retenidas por el originador. El BCE observa que esta propuesta no se ajusta a las normas del CSBB, ya que las normas del CSBB no prevén un marco STS para las titulizaciones sintéticas.
3.2. El BCE acoge con satisfacción la propuesta de normalizar el mercado de titulización sintética mediante la introducción de criterios STS, que probablemente tendrán un efecto incentivador positivo. El BCE también reconoce que el análisis de la ABE (11) demuestra los buenos resultados de las titulizaciones sintéticas de balance en los diez últimos años. Sin embargo, como admite la ABE en el citado informe, existen limitaciones en los datos y las operaciones utilizados en este análisis.
3.3. No obstante, el BCE recomienda que se establezca un seguimiento exhaustivo del mercado de titulización sintética STS. La ponderación de riesgo preferente podría ser un incentivo para que las entidades de crédito recurran en mayor medida a la titulización sintética en la gestión del capital. Una futura crisis sistémica podría provocar la inviabilidad de varias estructuras de titulización sintéticas al mismo tiempo, ejerciendo presión sobre las posiciones de capital de las entidades de crédito y reduciendo su capacidad para conceder préstamos a la economía real. El seguimiento del riesgo de un acontecimiento de este tipo sería prudente.
4.1. El BCE apoya la propuesta de la Comisión de ajustar el tratamiento prudencial de las titulizaciones de exposiciones dudosas, en consonancia con la reciente consulta del CSBB, y recomienda que los proyectos de normas del CSBB se reflejen fielmente a menos que exista una razón sólida para no hacerlo. A este respecto, el BCE recomienda que la propuesta de la Comisión se ajuste, en caso necesario, para reflejar las normas definitivas del CSBB. Las titulizaciones de exposiciones dudosas son un mecanismo útil para que las entidades de crédito reduzcan las ratios de exposiciones dudosas, al tiempo que transfieren el riesgo de exposición...
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