Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

• Author: Matlija, Dorian; Likmeta, Besar; Voko, Kristina
• Pages: 15-16

4. Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

ｔｨ･ ｡ｳｳ･ｳｳｭ･ｮｴ ｯｦ ｍ･､ｩ｡ ｰｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｳｭ ｏｮｬｩｮ･ ｩｮ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ ｲ｡ｮｧ･ｳ ｦｲｯｭ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｴｯ ｨｩｧｨ ｲｩｳｫＮ ｗｨｩｬ･ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ｳ ｍ｡ｲｫ･ｴ

ｐｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ ｡ｮ､ ｓｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｉｮ｣ｬｵｳｩｶ･ｮ･ｳｳ ｡ｲ･ ｲ｡ｮｫ･､ ｢･ｴｴ･ｲ ｩｮ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｷｨ･ｮ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｲ･､ ｴｯ ｡ｬｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡Ｌ ｂ｡ｳｩ｣ ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｡ｮ､

ｰ｡ｲｴｩ｣ｵｬ｡ｲｬｹ ｐｯｬｩｴｩ｣｡ｬ ｉｮ､･ｰ･ｮ､･ｮ｣･ ｡ｲ･ ｲ｡ｮｫ･､ ｡ｳ ｨ｡ｶｩｮｧ ｡ ｧｲ･｡ｴ･ｲ ｲｩｳｫ ｩｮ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｷｨ･ｮ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｲ･､ ｴｯ ｯｴｨ･ｲ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｯｵｴｬ･ｴｳＮ

ｉｮ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ ｴｯ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｩｮ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ ｯｦ ｓｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｉｮ｣ｬｵｳｩｶ･ｮ･ｳｳ ｨ｡ｳ ｴｨ･ ｬｯｷ･ｳｴ ｲｩｳｫ ､･ｮｯｭｩｮ｡ｴｯｲＬ ｲ｡ｮｫ･､ ｡ｳ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ

ｲｩｳｫ ｷｩｴｨ ｡ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ ｯｦ ＴＴＥＬ ｦｯｬｬｯｷ･､ ｢ｹ ｂ｡ｳｩ｣ ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｷｩｴｨ ＶＱＥ Ｍ ｡ｬｳｯ ｣ｯｮｳｩ､･ｲ･､ ｡ｳ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｲｩｳｫＮ ｗｨｩｬ･ ｷｨ･ｮ ｩｴ

｣ｯｭ･ｳ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ ｯｦ ｡ｮ､ ｍ｡ｲｫ･ｴ ｐｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ ｡ｮ､ ｐｯｬｩｴｩ｣｡ｬ ｉｮ､･ｰ･ｮ､･ｮ｣･Ｌ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｩｮ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ ｲ｡ｮｫｳ ｡ｳ ｩｮ ｨｩｧｨ ｲｩｳｫＬ

ｳ｣ｯｲｩｮｧ＠ｲ･ｳｰ･｣ｴｩｶ･ｬｹ＠ＷＸＥ＠｡ｮ､＠ＹＷＥＮ

ｔｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ ｯｦ ｂ｡ｳｩ｣ ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｦｯｲ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｩｮ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ ｲ｡ｮｫｳ ｡ｳ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｲｩｳｫ ｷｩｴｨ ｡ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ ｯｦ ＶＱＥＮ ｔｨｩｳ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ ｩｳ

ｳｬｩｧｨｴｬｹ ｨｩｧｨ･ｲ ｷｨ･ｮ ｩｴ ｩｳ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｲ･､ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ ｡ｳｳ･ｳｳｭ･ｮｴ ｦｯｲ ｴｨ･ ｳ｡ｭ･ ｡ｲ･｡ ｦｯｲ ｡ｬｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｯｵｴｬ･ｴｳＬ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｩｳ ･ｱｵ｡ｬ ｴｯ ＵＳＥＮ

ａｬｴｨｯｵｧｨ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮ ｩｳ ｣ｬ･｡ｲｬｹ ､･ｦｩｮ･､ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ｮ ｌ｡ｷ ｯｦ ａｵ､ｩｯ ｖｩｳｵ｡ｬ ｍ･､ｩ｡ Ｈｯｮｬｹ ｦｯｲ ｔｖｳ ｡ｮ､

ｲ｡､ｩｯｳＩ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ｮ ｃｯｮｳｴｩｴｵｴｩｯｮＬ ｴｨ･ｲ･ ｩｳ ｮｯ ｬ｡ｷ ｴｨ｡ｴ ､･ｦｩｮ･ｳ ｷｨ｡ｴ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｡ｲ･ ｯｲ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｲ･ｧｵｬ｡ｴ･ｳ ｴｨ･ｭＮ ｏｮ ｴｨ･

ｯｴｨ･ｲ ｨ｡ｮ､Ｌ ｩｮ ｣｡ｳ･ ｬ｡ｷ Ｈ｣｡ｳ･ｳ ｯｮ ､･ｦ｡ｭ｡ｴｩｯｮＩ ｴｨ･ｲ･ ｩｳ ｮｯ ､ｩｦｦ･ｲ･ｮ｣･ ｢･ｴｷ･･ｮ ｡ｵ､ｩｯＬ ｡ｵ､ｩｯ ｶｩｳｵ｡ｬＬ ｰｲ･ｳｳ ｡ｮ､ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡

ｯｵｴｬ･ｴｳＬ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ･ｮｪｯｹ ｴｨ･ ｳ｡ｭ･ ｲｩｧｨｴｳ ｡ｮ､ ｲ･ｳｰｯｮｳｩ｢ｩｬｩｴｩ･ｳＮ ａｰ｡ｲｴ ｦｲｯｭ ｳｯｭ･ ｳｰｯｲ｡､ｩ｣ ｣｡ｳ･ｳ ｴｨ･ ｳｴ｡ｴ･ ｧ･ｮ･ｲ｡ｬｬｹ ｲ･ｦｲ｡ｩｮｳ

ｦｲｯｭ ｦｩｬｴ･ｲｩｮｧＬ ｭｯｮｩｴｯｲｩｮｧＬ ｢ｬｯ｣ｫｩｮｧ ｡ｮ､Ｏｯｲ ｲ･ｭｯｶｩｮｧ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｣ｯｮｴ･ｮｴ ｩｮ ｡ｮ ｡ｲ｢ｩｴｲ｡ｲｹ ｷ｡ｹＮ ｔｨ･ｲ･ ｡ｲ･ ｮｯ ｲ･ｰｯｲｴ･､

ｶｩｯｬ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｯｦ ｉｓｐＧｳ ｩｮ ｴｨｩｳ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､Ｎ ａｬｴｨｯｵｧｨ ｩｮ､ｩｶｩ､ｵ｡ｬｳ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｡｣｣･ｳｳ ｴｯ ･ｦｦ･｣ｴｩｶ･ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｲ･ｭ･､ｩ･ｳ ｴｯ ｡､､ｲ･ｳｳ ｶｩｯｬ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｯｦ

ｲｩｧｨｴｳＬ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｡ｮ､ ｯｦｦｬｩｮ･Ｌ ｣ｯｮ､ｵ｣ｴ･､ ｢ｹ ｳｴ｡ｴ･ ｯｲ ｮｯｮＭｳｴ｡ｴ･ ｡｣ｴｯｲｳ Ｍ ｴｨｲｯｵｧｨ ｴｨ･ ａｮｴｩＭｄｩｳ｣ｲｩｭｩｮ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｃｯｭｭｩｳｳｩｯｮ･ｲＬ

ｉｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｡ｮ､ ｄ｡ｴ｡ ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｃｯｭｭｩｳｳｩｯｮ･ｲ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ ｃｯｭｰｬ｡ｩｮｴｳ ｃｯｵｮ｣ｩｬ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ａｵ､ｩｯ ｖｩｳｵ｡ｬ ｍ･､ｩ｡ ａｵｴｨｯｲｩｴｹＬ ｳｵ｣ｨ

ｲ･ｭ･､ｩ･ｳ ｡ｲ･ ｮｯｴ ｡ｬｷ｡ｹｳ ･ｦｦ･｣ｴｩｶ･Ｎｔｨｲ･｡ｴｳ ｴｯ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｳ｡ｦ･ｴｹ ｯｦ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳ ｩｮ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ ｡ｲ･ ｮｯｴ ｦｲ･ｱｵ･ｮｴＬ ｡ｬｴｨｯｵｧｨ ｴｨｩｳ

ｩｮ､ｩ｣｡ｴｯｲ ｭｩｧｨｴ ｢･ ｵｮ､･ｲｲ･ｰｯｲｴ･､ ､ｵ･ ｴｯ ｬ｡｣ｫ ｯｦ ､｡ｴ｡Ｎ ｔｨ･ｲ･ ｡ｲ･ ｮｯ ､｡ｴ｡ ｲ･ｴ･ｮｴｩｯｮ ｯ｢ｬｩｧ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ｮ ｬ｡ｷ ｴｨ｡ｴ

･ｳｴ｡｢ｬｩｳｨ･ｳ ｯ｢ｬｩｧ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｯｮ ｅｬ･｣ｴｲｯｮｩ｣ ｔ･ｬ･｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｏｰ･ｲ｡ｴｯｲｳ ｡ｮ､ ｉｮｴ･ｲｮ･ｴ ｓ･ｲｶｩ｣･ ｐｲｯｶｩ､･ｲｳ ｴｯ ｲ･ｴ｡ｩｮ ､｡ｴ｡

｡ｦｦ･｣ｴｩｮｧ ｴｨ･ ｲｩｧｨｴ ｴｯ ｰｲｩｶ｡｣ｹ ｡ｮ､ ｲｩｧｨｴ ｴｯ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮＮｔｨ･ ｬ･ｧｩｳｬ｡ｴｯｲ ｰｲｯｶｩ､･ｳ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｰ･ｲｳｯｮ｡ｬ ､｡ｴ｡ ｣｡ｮｮｯｴ ｢･

ｫ･ｰｴ ｦｯｲ ｬｯｮｧ･ｲ ｴｨ｡ｮ ｩｳ ｮ･｣･ｳｳ｡ｲｹ ｦｯｲ ｴｨ･ ｰｵｲｰｯｳ･ ｦｯｲ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｴｨ･ｹ ｷ･ｲ･ ｣ｯｬｬ･｣ｴ･､ ｯｲ ｦｵｲｴｨ･ｲ ｰｲｯ｣･ｳｳ･､Ｎ ｉｮ ａｬ｢｡ｮｩ｡ ｬ･ｳｳ ｴｨ｡ｮ

ＲＯＳ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｰｯｰｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｳ ｲ･｡｣ｨ･､ ｢ｹ ｢ｲｯ｡､｢｡ｮ､ ｩｮｴ･ｲｮ･ｴＮｔｨ･ ｌ｡ｷ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｅｬ･｣ｴｲｯｮｩ｣ ｃｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｲ･ｦ･ｲｳ ｴｯ Ｇｮ･ｴ

ｮ･ｵｴｲ｡ｬｩｴｹＧ＠ｵｮ､･ｲ＠ｩｴｳ＠ａｲｴｩ｣ｬ･＠ＱＬ＠ｧｯ｡ｬ＠ｯｦ＠ｴｨ･＠ｬ｡ｷＬ＠｢ｵｴ＠ｴｨ･ｲ･＠｡ｲ･＠ｮｯ＠ｳｰ･｣ｩｦｩ｣＠ｰｲｯｶｩｳｩｯｮｳ＠ｯｮ＠ｨｯｷ＠ｴｯ＠･ｮｦｯｲ｣･＠ｩｴＮ

ｉｮ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ ｯｦ ｍ｡ｲｫ･ｴ ｐｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｩｳ ｡ｳｳ･ｳｳ･､ ｡ｳ ｨｩｧｨ ｲｩｳｫ ｷｩｴｨ ｡ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ ｯｦ ＷＸＥＮ ｔｨｩｳ ｲ･ｳｵｬｴ ｩｳ ､ｵ･ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ ｬ｡｣ｫ

ｯｦ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｰｲｯｶｩｳｩｯｮｳ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｴｲ｡ｮｳｰ｡ｲ･ｮ｣ｹ ｯｦ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｷｩｴｨ ｵｰ､｡ｴ･､ ｩｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｴｯ ｩ､･ｮｴｩｦｹ ｴｨ･ ｢･ｮ･ｦｩ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｡ｮ､ ｵｬｴｩｭ｡ｴ･

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