Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

• Author: Karides, Nicholas; Christophorou, Christophoros
• Pages: 15-16

4. Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

ｔｨ･ ｯｶ･ｲ｡ｬｬ ｳｴ｡ｮ､ｩｮｧ ｯｦ ｃｹｰｲｵｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｍｐｍ ･ｶ｡ｬｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴ ､･ｰ･ｮ､ｳ ｯｮ ｣ｲｵ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｦ｡｣ｴｯｲｳ ｡ｦｦ･｣ｴｩｮｧ ｡

ｲ｡ｮｧ･＠ｯｦ＠ｩｭｰｯｲｴ｡ｮｴ＠ｩｮ､ｩ｣｡ｴｯｲｳＮ＠ｔｨ･ｳ･＠ｦ｡｣ｴｯｲｳ＠｡ｲ･Ｚ

ｴｨ･＠｡｢ｳ･ｮ｣･＠ｯｦ＠｡＠､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ＠ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ＠ｦｲ｡ｭ･ｷｯｲｫ＠ｯｲ＠･ｸｰｬｩ｣ｩｴ＠ｭ･ｮｴｩｯｮ＠ｯｦ＠､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ＠ｩｮ＠ｭ･､ｩ｡＠ｬ｡ｷｳ

ｴｨ･＠｡｢ｳ･ｮ｣･＠ｯｦ＠ｩｮ､･ｰ･ｮ､･ｮｴｬｹ＠｡ｵ､ｩｴ･､＠､｡ｴ｡＠ｯｮ＠ｶ｡ｲｩｯｵｳ＠｡ｳｰ･｣ｴｳ＠｡ｮ､＠｡｣ｴｩｶｩｴｩ･ｳ＠ｲ･ｬ｡ｴ･､＠ｴｯ＠ｴｨ･＠ｯｮｬｩｮ･＠ｭ･､ｩ｡Ｎ

ｔｨ･＠･ｶ｡ｬｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ｰ･ｲ＠｡ｲ･｡＠ｩｳ＠｡ｳ＠ｦｯｬｬｯｷｳＮ

ｂ｡ｳｩ｣＠ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ

ｄ･ｳｰｩｴ･ ｴｨ･ ｡｢ｳ･ｮ｣･ ｯｦ ｡ ｬ｡ｷ ｦｯｲ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮＬ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮ ｩｳ ｣ｯｶ･ｲ･､ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｢ｲｯ｡､･ｲ ｰｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ

ｵｮ､･ｲ ｴｨ･ ｣ｯｮｳｴｩｴｵｴｩｯｮＬ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｡ｬｳｯ ･ｮｳｵｲ･ｳ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｲ･ｭ･､ｩ･ｳ ｩｮ ｣｡ｳ･ ｯｦ ｶｩｯｬ｡ｴｩｯｮｳＮ ｎｯ ｩｮ｣ｩ､･ｮｴｳ ｯｦ ｡ｲ｢ｩｴｲ｡ｲｹ ｦｩｬｴ･ｲｩｮｧ ｯｲ

｣ｯｮｴ･ｮｴ ｲ･ｭｯｶ｡ｬ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｓｴ｡ｴ･ ｯｲ ｉｓｐｳ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｢･･ｮ ｭ｡､･ ｰｵ｢ｬｩ｣Ｎ ｔｨ･ ｡｢ｳ･ｮ｣･ ｯｦ ｡ｮｹ ｲ･ｬ･ｶ｡ｮｴ ｲ･ｰｯｲｴｳ ｰｯｳ･ｳ ｡ｮ ｩｳｳｵ･ ｯｦ

ｴｲ｡ｮｳｰ｡ｲ･ｮ｣ｹ＠｡ｮ､＠ｭ｡ｹ｢･＠ｵｮ｣･ｲｴ｡ｩｮｴｹＬ＠｡ｬｴｨｯｵｧｨ＠ｩｦ＠ｩｮ｣ｩ､･ｮｴｳ＠ｨ｡､＠ｯ｣｣ｵｲｲ･､＠ｴｨ･ｹ＠ｷｯｵｬ､＠ｭｯｳｴ＠ｰｲｯ｢｡｢ｬｹ＠｢･＠ｭ｡､･＠ｰｵ｢ｬｩ｣Ｎ

ｗｩｴｨ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｳ｡ｦ･ｴｹ ｯｦ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳＬ ｴｨｯｵｧｨ ｮｯ ｳｰ･｣ｩｦｩ｣ ｩｮ｣ｩ､･ｮｴｳ ｴｯｯｫ ｰｬ｡｣･Ｌ ｯｵｲ ｡ｳｳ･ｳｳｭ･ｮｴ ｯｦ ｨｩｧｨ ｲｩｳｫ ｨ｡ｳ

｢･･ｮ ｢｡ｳ･､ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｳ･ｩｺｵｲ･Ｌ ｩｮ ｬ｡ｴ･ ＲＰＱＹＬ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｰｯｬｩ｣･ ｯｦ ｡ ｳｰｹ ｶ｡ｮ ｷｩｴｨ ･ｸｴ･ｮｳｩｶ･ ｨ｡｣ｫｩｮｧ ｡ｮ､ ｳｵｲｶ･ｩｬｬ｡ｮ｣･ ｣｡ｰ｡｢ｩｬｩｴｩ･ｳＮ

ｔｨ･ ｦ｡｣ｴ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｶ･ｲｹ ｬｩｭｩｴ･､ ｩｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｨ｡ｳ ｢･･ｮ ｯｦｦｩ｣ｩ｡ｬｬｹ ｭ｡､･ ｰｵ｢ｬｩ｣ ｲ｡ｩｳ･ｳ ｣ｯｮ｣･ｲｮｳ ｦｯｲ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｳ｡ｦ･ｴｹ ｯｦ

･ｶ･ｲｹ｢ｯ､ｹＬ ｩｮ｣ｬｵ､ｩｮｧ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｰｲｯｦ･ｳｳｩｯｮ｡ｬｳＮ ｏｮ ｡ ､ｩｦｦ･ｲ･ｮｴ ｬ･ｶ･ｬ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｰｲｩｶ｡｣ｹ ｡ｮ､ ､｡ｴ｡ ｲ･ｴ･ｮｴｩｯｮ ｯ｢ｬｩｧ｡ｴｩｯｮｳＬ ｡ｮ､

ｰｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳＬ ｴｨ･ ｬ｡ｷｳ ｡､ｯｰｴ･､ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｒ･ｰｵ｢ｬｩ｣ ｦｵｬｬｹ ｣ｯｭｰｬｹ ｷｩｴｨ ｴｨ･ ｅｵｲｯｰ･｡ｮ ｃｯｮｶ･ｮｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｈｵｭ｡ｮ

ｒｩｧｨｴｳ＠｡ｮ､＠ｴｨ･＠ｇｄｐｒＮ

ｂｲｯ｡､｢｡ｮ､ ｣ｯｶ･ｲ｡ｧ･ ｡ｮ､ ｢ｲｯ｡､｢｡ｮ､ ｳｵ｢ｳ｣ｲｩｰｴｩｯｮ ､｡ｴ｡ ｩｮ ｴｨｩｳ ｲ･ｰｯｲｴ ｲ･ｦ･ｲ ｴｯ ＲＰＱＸＬ ｰｯｩｮｴｩｮｧ ｴｯ ｡ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｲｩｳｫＮ ｈｯｷ･ｶ･ｲＬ

ＲＰＱＹ ｳｵ｢ｳ｣ｲｩｰｴｩｯｮ ､｡ｴ｡ ｷｯｵｬ､ ｰｬ｡｣･ ｃｹｰｲｵｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｬｯｷ ｲｩｳｫ ｡ｲ･｡Ｎ ｉｮｴ･ｲｮ･ｴ ｳｰ･･､ｳ ｲ･ｭ｡ｩｮ ｷ･ｬｬ ｢･ｬｯｷ ｴｨ･ ｅｕ ｡ｶ･ｲ｡ｧ･Ｌ

ｷｨｩｬ･ ｅｕ ｳｴ｡ｮ､｡ｲ､ｳ ｯｮ ｮ･ｴ ｮ･ｵｴｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ ｡ｮ､ ｉｓｐ ､｡ｴ｡ ｵｳ｡ｧ･ ｡ｲ･ ･ｮｦｯｲ｣･､Ｎ ｔｨ･ｲ･ ｡ｲ･ ｯｮｬｹ ｦｯｵｲ ｉｓｐｳＬ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｡ｲ･ ｯｰ･ｲ｡ｴｩｮｧ

ｩｭｰ｡ｲｴｩ｡ｬｬｹ ｡ｮ､ ｷｩｴｨ ｴｲ｡ｮｳｰ｡ｲ･ｮ｣ｹＮ ｔｨ･ ｂ｡ｳｩ｣ ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｡ｲ･｡ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴ ｦ｡｣･ｳ ｡ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｲｩｳｫ ｯｦ ＴＴＥＬ

ｭ｡ｲｧｩｮ｡ｬｬｹ＠ｨｩｧｨ･ｲ＠ｴｨ｡ｮ＠ｴｨ･＠ｯｶ･ｲ｡ｬｬ＠｡ｲ･｡＠ｲｩｳｫ＠ｯｦ＠ＳＷＥＮ

ｍ｡ｲｫ･ｴ＠ｐｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ

ｔｨ･ ｡｢ｳ･ｮ｣･ ｯｦ ｡ ｳｰ･｣ｩｦｩ｣ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｦｲ｡ｭ･ｷｯｲｫ ｦｯｲ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｡ｮ､ ｯｦ ｡ｮｹ ｴｨｲ･ｳｨｯｬ､ｳ ｡ｮ､ ｯ｢ｬｩｧ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｦｯｲ ｴｲ｡ｮｳｰ｡ｲ･ｮ｣ｹ ｯｦ

ｯｷｮ･ｲｳｨｩｰ Ｍ ･ｸ｣･ｰｴ ｩｮ ｢ｲｯ｡､｣｡ｳｴｩｮｧ ｭ･､ｩ｡ Ｍ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ ｬ｡｣ｫ ｯｦ ｡ｵ､ｩ･ｮ｣･ ｡ｮ､ ｯｴｨ･ｲ ､｡ｴ｡ ｰｯｳ･ ｡ ｨｩｧｨ ｲｩｳｫ ｦｯｲ

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