Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

• Author: Rozukalne, Anda
• Pages: 17-18

4. Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

ｍ･､ｩ｡ ｰｯｬｩ｣ｹ ｡ｮ､ ｲ･ｧｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ ｡ｲ･ ｣ｨ｡ｲ｡｣ｴ･ｲｩｺ･､ ｢ｹ ｲｩｳｫｳ ｲ･ｬ｡ｴ･､ ｴｯ ｮ｡ｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｳ･｣ｵｲｩｴｹ

ｴｨｲ･｡ｴｳ ｡ｮ､ ｣ｨ｡ｮｧ･ｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｧ･ｯｰｯｬｩｴｩ｣｡ｬ ｳｩｴｵ｡ｴｩｯｮＮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ｮ ｰｯｬｩｴｩ｣ｩ｡ｮｳ ｡ｮ､ ｯｦｦｩ｣ｩ｡ｬｳ ｡ｲ･ ｭｯｳｴｬｹ ｣ｯｮ｣･ｲｮ･､ ｡｢ｯｵｴ ｴｨ･ ｩｭｰ｡｣ｴ

ｯｦ ｒｵｳｳｩ｡ｮ ｰｲｯｰ｡ｧ｡ｮ､｡ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｰｯｰｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｡ｮ､ ｰｯｳｳｩ｢ｬ･ ｩｮｴ･ｲｦ･ｲ･ｮ｣･ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ･ｬ･｣ｴｯｲ｡ｬ ｰｲｯ｣･ｳｳＮ ａ ｬｩ｢･ｲ｡ｬ ｲ･ｧｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｨ･ｬｰｳ

､･ｶ･ｬｯｰｭ･ｮｴ ｯｦ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡Ｌ ｢ｵｴ ｬｯｷ ｴｨｲ･ｳｨｯｬ､ｳ ｦｯｲ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｯｰ･ｲ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｩｮ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴ ｨ｡ｳ ｮｯｴ

･ｮ｣ｯｵｲ｡ｧ･､＠ｴｨ･＠ｉｮｴ･ｲｮ･ｴ＠ｭ･､ｩ｡＠ｰｲｯｦ･ｳｳｩｯｮ｡ｬ＠ｱｵ｡ｬｩｴｹ＠｡ｮ､＠ｳｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ＠ｲ･ｳｰｯｮｳｩ｢ｩｬｩｴｹＮ

ｔｲ｡､ｩｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ ｨ｡ｶ･ ､･ｬ｡ｹ･､ ･ｮｴｲｹ ｩｮｴｯ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴＬ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｩｳ ｷｨｹ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬｬｹ ｢ｯｲｮ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｮｩ･ｳ Ｈ･ＮｧＮ

ｄｅｌｆｉＩ ､ｯｭｩｮ｡ｴ･ ｴｨ･ ｣ｯｵｮｴｲｹＧｳ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｬ｡ｮ､ｳ｣｡ｰ･Ｎ ｔｨ･ｩｲ ｦｯｵｮ､･ｲｳ ｷ･ｲ･ ｡ｳｳｯ｣ｩ｡ｴ･､ ｷｩｴｨ ｴｨ･ ｩｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｡ｮ､

｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮ ｴ･｣ｨｮｯｬｯｧｹ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｮｩ･ｳ ｡ｴ ｴｨ･ ｴｵｲｮ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｣･ｮｴｵｲｹＮ ｉｮ ｩｴｳ ･｡ｲｬｹ ､｡ｹｳＬ ｷ･｢ ｰｯｲｴ｡ｬｳ ｯｦｦ･ｲ･､ ｩｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮ

｣ｲ･｡ｴ･､ ｢ｹ ｮ･ｷｳ ｡ｧ･ｮ｣ｩ･ｳ ｡ｮ､ ｴｲ｡､ｩｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡Ｌ ｴｨ･ｲ･ｦｯｲ･ ｴｨ･ｩｲ ｯｰ･ｲ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｦｩｲｳｴ ､･｣｡､･ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ＲＱｴｨ ｣･ｮｴｵｲｹ ｣｡ｮ ｢･

｣ｨ｡ｲ｡｣ｴ･ｲｩｳ･､ ｡ｳ ｡ｧｧｲ･ｧ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｩｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮＮ ｄｵｲｩｮｧ ｩｴｳ ＲＰ ｹ･｡ｲｳ ｯｦ ･ｸｩｳｴ･ｮ｣･Ｌ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｮ･ｷｳ ｳｩｴ･ｳ ｨ｡ｶ･ ･ｭ･ｲｧ･､ ｡ｳ ｳ･ｲｩｯｵｳ

ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｮｩ･ｳ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｯｦｦ･ｲ ､ｩｶ･ｲｳ･ ｣ｯｮｴ･ｮｴ ｡ｮ､ ｩｮｦｬｵ･ｮ｣･ ｴｨ･ ｰｯｬｩｴｩ｣｡ｬ ｡ｮ､ ｰｵ｢ｬｩ｣ ｡ｧ･ｮ､｡Ｎ ｃｵｲｲ･ｮｴｬｹＬ ｴｨ･ｹ ｡ｲ･ ｴｨ･

｡｣ｴｩｶ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｦｯｲｭ｡ｴ ｣ｲ･｡ｴｯｲｳ ｡ｮ､ ｰｬ｡ｹ ｡ｮ ｩｭｰｯｲｴ｡ｮｴ ｲｯｬ･ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｭ ｪｯ｢ ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴＮ ｔｲ｡､ｩｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｨ｡ｶ･

｡ｬｳｯ＠ｩｮｶ･ｳｴ･､＠ｩｮ＠､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ＠｣ｯｮｴ･ｮｴ＠｡ｮ､＠｣ｯｭｰ･ｴ･＠ｷｩｴｨ＠ｯｲｩｧｩｮ｡ｬ＠｡ｮ､＠ｭｯｲ･＠ｰｲｯｦ･ｳｳｩｯｮ｡ｬ＠｣ｯｮｴ･ｮｴ＠ｩｮ＠ｴｨ･＠､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ＠･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴＮ

ａ｣｣ｯｲ､ｩｮｧ ｴｯ ｇ･ｭｩｵｳａｵ､ｩ･ｮ｣･ ､｡ｴ｡Ｌ ｮｩｮ･ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｴｯｰ ＱＰ ｭｯｳｴ ｶｩｳｩｴ･､ ｷ･｢ｳｩｴ･ｳ ｡ｲ･ ｮ･ｷｳ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｮｩ･ｳ

Ｈｇ･ｭｩｵｳａｵ､ｩ･ｮ｣･＠＠ＲＰＲＰＩＮ＠ｔｨ･＠ｬ｡ｲｧ･ｳｴ＠ｯｦ＠ｴｨ･ｭ＠Ｈｄ･ｬｦｩＮｬｶＬ＠ｔｶｮ･ｴＮｬｶＩ＠｡ｴｴｲ｡｣ｴ＠ｭｯｲ･＠ｴｨ｡ｮ＠ＳＲＰ＠ｴｨｯｵｳ｡ｮ､＠ｵｳ･ｲｳ＠ｰ･ｲ＠ｭｯｮｴｨＮ

ｐｓｍ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｯｵｴｬ･ｴ ｬｳｭＮｬｶ ｷ｡ｳ ､･ｶ･ｬｯｰ･､ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ ｩｮ ＲＰＱＲＬ ｡ｮ､ ｩｮ ･｡ｲｬｹ ＲＰＲＰ ｩｴ ｲ｡ｮｫｳ ｳ･ｶ･ｮｴｨ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｔｯｰ ＱＰ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｳｩｴ･ｳ

｡ｮ､ ｦｯｵｲｴｨ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｮ･ｷｳ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｬｩｳｴＮ ｉｴ ｨ｡ｳ ｡ｮ ｡ｵ､ｩ･ｮ｣･ ｯｦ ＹＰＬＰＰＰ ｵｮｩｱｵ･ ｵｳ･ｲｳ ｰ･ｲ ｭｯｮｴｨＮ ａｮ ｩｮｴ･ｲｶｩ･ｷ ｷｩｴｨ ｴｨ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡

･､ｩｴｯｲ ｍ｡ｲｴ｡ ｃ･ｲ｡ｶ｡ ｲ･ｶ･｡ｬｳ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｴｨ･ ､･ｶ･ｬｯｰｭ･ｮｴ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｐｓｍ ｰｯｲｴ｡ｬ ｩｳ ｴｨｲ･｡ｴ･ｮ･､ ｢ｹ ｡ ｣ｯｮｳｴ｡ｮｴ ｬ｡｣ｫ ｯｦ ｲ･ｳｯｵｲ｣･ｳＮ

ｌｳｭＮｬｶ ｯｦｦ･ｲｳ ｩｮｦｯｲｭ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ｮＬ ｒｵｳｳｩ｡ｮ ｡ｮ､ ｅｮｧｬｩｳｨＬ ｢ｵｴ ｒｵｳｳｩ｡ｮ ｡ｮ､ ｅｮｧｬｩｳｨ ｶ･ｲｳｩｯｮｳ ｡ｲ･ ｦｵｮ､･､ ｢ｹ ｳｰ･｣ｩ｡ｬ

ｰｲｯｧｲ｡ｭｳＬ＠ｴｨｵｳ＠ｩｴ＠ｩｳ＠ｮｯｴ＠ｰｯｳｳｩ｢ｬ･＠ｴｯ＠･ｮｳｵｲ･＠ｭ･､ｩ｡＠ｳｵｳｴ｡ｩｮ｡｢ｩｬｩｴｹ＠｡ｮ､＠ｳｴ｡ｦｦ＠､･ｶ･ｬｯｰｭ･ｮｴＮ

ｈｯｷ･ｶ･ｲＬ ｧｲｯｷｩｮｧ ｣ｯｭｰ･ｴｩｴｩｯｮ ｨ｡ｳ ｩｮ｣ｲ･｡ｳ･､ ｣ｯｮ｣･ｮｴｲ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴ ｡ｮ､ ｲ･､ｵ｣･､ ｴｨ･ ｳｨ｡ｲ･ ｯｦ

ｮ｡ｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｯｷｮ･ｲｳＮ ｃｵｲｲ･ｮｴｬｹＬ ｴｨ･ ｬ｡ｲｧ･ｳｴ ｮ･ｷｳ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｡ｲ･ ｯｷｮ･､ ｢ｹ ｴｷｯ ｅｳｴｯｮｩ｡ｮ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｣ｯｲｰｯｲ｡ｴｩｯｮｳＺ ｅ･ｳｴｩ ｅｫｳｰｲ･ｳｳ

｡ｮ､ ｐｯｳｴｩｭ･･ｳ ｇｲｯｵｰＮ ｔｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｡､ｶ･ｲｴｩｳｩｮｧ ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴ ｩｳ ｳｴ｡｢ｬ･Ｌ ｡｣｣ｯｵｮｴｩｮｧ ｦｯｲ ＳＲＥ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ･ｮｴｩｲ･ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ｮ

｡､ｶ･ｲｴｩｳｩｮｧ ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴＮ ｈｯｷ･ｶ･ｲＬ ｩｴ ｩｳ ｴｨｲ･｡ｴ･ｮ･､ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｡｣ｴｩｶｩｴｩ･ｳ ｯｦ ｧｬｯ｢｡ｬ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｰｬ｡ｴｦｯｲｭｳ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡Ｎ ｔｨ｡ｴ ｩｳ ｷｨｹ ｴｨ･

ｲ･｣･ｮｴ ､･｢｡ｴ･ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｩｮｴｲｯ､ｵ｣ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｡ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｴ｡ｸ ｨ｡ｳ ｢･･ｮ ､･ｶ･ｬｯｰ･､ ｩｮ ｌ｡ｴｶｩ｡ ｷｩｴｨ ｴｨ･ ｡ｩｭ ｴｯ ｦｩｮ､ ｡ ｳｯｬｵｴｩｯｮ ｯｮ ｨｯｷ ｴｯ

ｬｩｭｩｴ＠ｴｨ･＠ｬｯｳｳ＠ｯｦ＠ｮ｡ｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ＠ｭ･､ｩ｡＠｡､ｶ･ｲｴｩｳｩｮｧ＠ｲ･ｶ･ｮｵ･Ｎ

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