Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

• Author: Rossini, Mara
• Pages: 16-17

4. Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

ｔｨｩｳ ｹ･｡ｲ󰜚ｳ ･､ｩｴｩｯｮ ｡ｬｳｯ ｣ｯｮｳｩ､･ｲｳ ｰｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｳｭ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｳｰｨ･ｲ･Ｎ ｂ｡ｳ･､ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ ｡ｶ｡ｩｬ｡｢ｬ･ ､｡ｴ｡Ｌ ｴｨ･ ｲ･ｳｵｬｴｳ ｡ｲ･ ｢ｹ ｡ｮ､ ｬ｡ｲｧ･

｣ｯｭｰ｡ｲ｡｢ｬ･ ｴｯ ｴｨｯｳ･ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｯｦｦｬｩｮ･ ｳｰｨ･ｲ･Ｎ ｏｮ･ ｮｯｴ･ｷｯｲｴｨｹ ､ｩｶ･ｲｧ･ｮ｣･ ｩｳ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｡､ｶ･ｲｴｩｳｩｮｧ ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｩｳ ｳｴｩｬｬ

ｧｲｯｷｩｮｧ ｡ｴ ｴｨ･ ･ｸｰ･ｮｳ･ ｯｦ ｯｦｦｬｩｮ･ ｡､ｶ･ｲｴｩｳｩｮｧＮ ｉｴ ｩｳ ｡ｴ ｴｨ･ ｨ･｡ｲｴ ｯｦ ｣ｯｭｰ･ｴｩｴｩｯｮ ｡ｮ､ ｧｬｯ｢｡ｬ ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｮｩ･ｳ ｨｯｬ､ ＷＰＥ ｯｦ ｴｨｩｳ

ｭ｡ｲｫ･ｴＮ ｔｨｩｳ ｦ｡｣ｴｯｲ ｨ｡ｳ ｩｮｦｬｵ･ｮ｣･､ ｴｨ･ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ｳ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｩｮ､ｩ｣｡ｴｯｲｳ ｯｮ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｶｩ｡｢ｩｬｩｴｹ ｡ｮ､ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｰｬ｡ｴｦｯｲｭｳ ｣ｯｮ｣･ｮｴｲ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ

ｯｷｮ･ｲｳｨｩｰ＠Ｈｭ･､ｩ｡＠ｰｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ＠｡ｲ･｡ＩＮ

ｉｮ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ ｯｦ ｂ｡ｳｩ｣ ｰｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮＬ ､･ｶ･ｬｯｰｭ･ｮｴｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｳｰｨ･ｲ･ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｣ｯｮｴｩ｢ｵｴ･､ ｴｯ ｩｮｦｬ｡ｴｩｮｧ ｴｨ･ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ ｳｩｮ｣･ ｍｐｍ

ＲＰＱＷＮ ｏｮｬｩｮ･ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮ ･ｮｪｯｹｳ ｴｨ･ ｳ｡ｭ･ ｣ｯｮｳｴｩｴｵｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｰｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｡ｳ ｯｦｦｬｩｮ･ ｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮ ｴｨｯｵｧｨ ｩｴ ｩｳ ｯ｣｣｡ｳｩｯｮ｡ｬｬｹ

｣ｨ｡ｬｬ･ｮｧ･､ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ 󰜙｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩｴｹ ｲｵｬ･ｳ󰜚 ｯｲ 󰜙｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩｴｹ ｳｴ｡ｮ､｡ｲ､ｳ󰜚 ｯｦ ｳｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｰｬ｡ｴｦｯｲｭｳ ｳｵ｣ｨ ｡ｳ ｆ｡｣･｢ｯｯｫ ｡ｮ､

ｉｮｳｴ｡ｧｲ｡ｭＮ ｔｨ･ｲ･ ｡ｲ･ ｲ･｣･ｮｴ ｣｡ｳ･ｳ ｩｮ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｴｨ･ｳ･ ｲｵｬ･ｳ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｲ･ｳｵｬｴ･､ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｲ･ｭｯｶ｡ｬ ｯｦ ｡ｲｴｩｳｴｩ｣ ｰｨｯｴｯｧｲ｡ｰｨｹ ･ｸｨｩ｢ｩｴｩｮｧ

ｮｵ､ｩｴｹ ｡ｮ､ ･ｶ･ｮ ｴｨ･ ｳｵｳｰ･ｮｳｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｡ ｲ･ｧｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｰｵ｢ｬｩ｣Ｍｳ･ｲｶｩ｣･ ｢ｲｯ｡､｣｡ｳｴ･ｲ󰜚ｳ ｡｣｣ｯｵｮｴ ｦｯｲ ｳｨｯｷｩｮｧ ｴｨｩｳ ｳ｡ｭ･ ｣ｯｮｴ･ｮｴＮ ｉｮ ｴｨ･

ｊｵｮ･ ＲＰＱＷ ｳｴｵ､ｹ 󰜙ｅ･ｮ ､ｲ･ｩｧ･ｮ､ ｫｬｩｭ｡｡ｴ󰜚Ｍ ａ ｴｨｲ･｡ｴ･ｮｩｮｧ ｣ｬｩｭ｡ｴ･ 󰜔 ｩｴ ｩｳ ｲ･ｰｯｲｴ･､ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｳｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｡｣｣ｯｵｮｴ ｦｯｲ ＲＳＥ ｯｦ ｴｨ･

ｴｨｲ･｡ｴｳ ｦ｡｣･､ ｢ｹ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳＮ ａ ｦｵｲｴｨ･ｲ ｣ｨ｡ｬｬ･ｮｧ･ ｩｳ ｴｨ･ ｡ｭ･ｮ､･､ ｉｮｴ･ｬｬｩｧ･ｮ｣･ ｡ｮ､ ｓ･｣ｵｲｩｴｹ ｓ･ｲｶｩ｣･ｳ ａ｣ｴ ｡､ｯｰｴ･､ ｩｮ ｊｵｬｹ

ＲＰＱＷ ｛ＱＹ｝Ｎ ｔｨｩｳ ｡｣ｴ ｷ｡ｳ ｳｷｩｦｴｬｹ ､ｵ｢｢･､ ｴｨ･ 󰜙､ｲ｡ｧｮ･ｴ󰜚 ａ｣ｴ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｰｲ･ｳｳ ｢･｣｡ｵｳ･ ｡Ｎｯ ｩｴ ｡ｬｬｯｷｳ ｴｨ･ ｮ｡ｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｩｮｴ･ｬｬｩｧ･ｮ｣･

ｳ･ｲｶｩ｣･ｳ ｴｯ ｣ｯｬｬ･｣ｴ ｩｮｴ･ｲｮ･ｴ ｡ｮ､ ｴ･ｬ･ｰｨｯｮ･ ､｡ｴ｡ ｩｮ ｢ｵｬｫ ｡ｮ､ ｩｮ､ｩｳ｣ｲｩｭｩｮ｡ｴ･ｬｹ ｦｲｯｭ ｣ｩｴｩｺ･ｮｳ ｦｯｲ ｴｨ･ ｮ･･､ｳ ｯｦ ｩｮｶ･ｳｴｩｧ｡ｴｩｯｮＬ

ｳｴｯｲ･ ｩｴ ｦｯｲ ｴｨｲ･･ ｹ･｡ｲｳ ｡ｮ､ ･ｸ｣ｨ｡ｮｧ･ ｩｴ ｷｩｴｨ ｦｯｲ･ｩｧｮ ｩｮｴ･ｬｬｩｧ･ｮ｣･ ｳ･ｲｶｩ｣･ｳＮ ｄ･ｳｰｩｴ･ ｨ｡ｶｩｮｧ ｢･･ｮ ｲ･ｪ･｣ｴ･､ ｩｮ ｡ ｍ｡ｲ｣ｨ ＲＰＱＸ

｣ｯｮｳｵｬｴ｡ｴｩｶ･ ｲ･ｦ･ｲ･ｮ､ｵｭＬ ｴｨ･ ａ｣ｴ ｨ｡ｳ ｢･･ｮ ｩｭｰｬ･ｭ･ｮｴ･､Ｎ ｔｨ･ ｎｖｊ Ｈｄｵｴ｣ｨ ａｳｳｯ｣ｩ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｊｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳＩＬ ｷｨｯｳ･ ｣ｯｮ｣･ｲｮｳ

ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｩ｣ ｳｯｵｲ｣･ｳＬ ｩｳ ｣ｵｲｲ･ｮｴｬｹ ｰｲ･ｰ｡ｲｩｮｧ ｴｯ ｣ｨ｡ｬｬ･ｮｧ･ ｩｴ ｩｮ ｣ｯｵｲｴ Ｍ ｴｨ･ ｬ｡ｷｳｵｩｴ ｩｳ ､ｵ･ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｳｰｲｩｮｧ ｯｦ ＲＰＲＰＮ ａ

ｰｯｳｩｴｩｶ･ ､･ｶ･ｬｯｰｭ･ｮｴ ｩｳ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｴｨ･ ｄｵｴ｣ｨ ､｡ｴ｡ ｲ･ｴ･ｮｴｩｯｮ ａ｣ｴ ｩｳ ｮｯ ｬｯｮｧ･ｲ ｢･ｩｮｧ ｡ｰｰｬｩ･､ ｡ｮ､ ｩｳ ｣ｵｲｲ･ｮｴｬｹ ｢･ｩｮｧ ｡､｡ｰｴ･､ ｴｯ

｡ｬｩｧｮ ｷｩｴｨ ｡ ｃｊｅｕ ｲｵｬｩｮｧ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｩｮ ＲＰＱＴ ､･｣ｬ｡ｲ･､ ｳｵ｣ｨ ｲ･ｴ･ｮｴｩｯｮ ｰｲ｡｣ｴｩ｣･ｳ ｩｮ｣ｯｭｰ｡ｴｩ｢ｬ･ ｷｩｴｨ ｴｨ･ ｅＮｕ ｃｨ｡ｲｴ･ｲ ｯｦ

ｆｵｮ､｡ｭ･ｮｴ｡ｬ ｒｩｧｨｴｳ ｛ＲＰ｝Ｎ ａｳ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ｳ ｴｨ･ ｉｓｐ󰜚ｳ ｭ｡ｮ｡ｧ･ｭ･ｮｴ ｯｦ ､｡ｴ｡ ｣｡ｲｲｩ･､ ｯｮ ｴｨ･ｩｲ ｮ･ｴｷｯｲｫｳＬ ｴｨ･ ｎ･ｴｨ･ｲｬ｡ｮ､ｳ ｡ｬｲ･｡､ｹ

ｨ｡､ ｶ･ｲｹ ｳｴｲｩ｣ｴ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｰｲｯｶｩｳｩｯｮｳ Ｈｳｴｲｩ｣ｴ ｰｲｯｨｩ｢ｩｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｰｲｩ｣･Ｍ､ｩｳ｣ｲｩｭｩｮ｡ｴｩｯｮＬ ｩｮ｣ｬｵ､ｩｮｧ ｺ･ｲｯＭｲ｡ｴｩｮｧ ｯｦｦ･ｲｳＩ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ｩｮｧ ｮ･ｴ

ｮ･ｵｴｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ ｢･ｦｯｲ･ ｴｨ･ ｡､ｯｰｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ＨｅｕＩ ｒ･ｧｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ ＲＰＱＵＯＲＱＲＰ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｧｯｶ･ｲｮｳ ｴｨ･ ｭ｡ｴｴ･ｲ ｩｮ ｬｯｯｳ･ｲ ｴ･ｲｭｳＮ ｉｮ ｎｯｶ･ｭ｢･ｲ

ＲＰＱＶＬ ｡ ｬ｡ｷ ｷ｡ｳ ｡､ｯｰｴ･､ ｴｯ ｡ｭ･ｮ､ ｴｨ･ ･ｸｩｳｴｩｮｧ ｰｲｯｶｩｳｩｯｮｳＬ ｨｯｷ･ｶ･ｲＬ ｬ･｡ｶｩｮｧ ｩｮｴ｡｣ｴ ｴｨ･ｩｲ ｳｴｲｩ｣ｴ･ｲ ｮ｡ｴｵｲ･Ｎ ｔｨｩｳ ､ｵ｡ｬｩｴｹ ｷ｡ｳ

ｴ･ｳｴ･､ ｩｮ ｡ ｣｡ｳ･ ｢ｲｯｵｧｨｴ ｴｯ ｣ｯｵｲｴ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ｄｵｴ｣ｨ ａｵｴｨｯｲｩｴｹ ｦｯｲ ｃｯｮｳｵｭ･ｲｳ ｡ｮ､ ｍ｡ｲｫ･ｴｳＺ ｡ ｒｯｴｴ･ｲ､｡ｭ ｄｩｳｴｲｩ｣ｴ ｃｯｵｲｴ

ｪｵ､ｧｭ･ｮｴ ｯｦ ａｰｲｩｬ ＲＰＱＷ ｯ｢ｳ･ｲｶ･､ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｴｨ･ ｒ･ｧｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｳ ､ｩｲ･｣ｴｬｹ ｡ｰｰｬｩ｣｡｢ｬ･Ｌ ｴｨｵｳ ｵｰｨｯｬ､ｩｮｧ ｡ ｣ｯｭｭ･ｲ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｭｯ｢ｩｬ･

ｴ･ｬ･｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ｰｲｯｶｩ､･ｲ󰜚ｳ＠ｺ･ｲｯＭｲ｡ｴｩｮｧ＠ｯｦｦ･ｲ＠ｴｯ＠｣ｯｮｳｵｭ･ｲｳ＠｛ＲＱ｝Ｎ

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