Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

• Author: Suau, Jaume; Masip, Pere; Ruiz Caballero, Carlos
• Pages: 16-17

4. Pluralism in the online environment: assessment of the risks

ｒ･ｧ｡ｲ､ｩｮｧ ｰｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｳｭ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴＬ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ ｰｲ･ｳ･ｮｴｳ ｨｩｧｨ･ｲ ｲｩｳｫ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ｳ ｯｦ 󰜙ｍ｡ｲｫ･ｴ ｐｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｴｹ󰜚 ＨＶＷＥＩ ｡ｮ､

󰜙ｐｯｬｩｴｩ｣｡ｬ ｉｮ､･ｰ･ｮ､･ｮ｣･󰜚 ＨＵＷＥＩＮ ｌｯｷ･ｲ ｲｩｳｫ ｣｡ｮ ｢･ ｳ･･ｮ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｡ｲ･｡ｳ ｯｦ 󰜙ｓｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｉｮ｣ｬｵｳｩｶ･ｮ･ｳｳ󰜚 ＨＵＰＥＩ ｡ｮ､ 󰜙ｂ｡ｳｩ｣

ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ󰜚＠ＨＳＳＥＩＮ＠

ａｬｴｨｯｵｧｨ ｴｨ･ ｯｶ･ｲ｡ｬｬ ｲｩｳｫｳ󰜚 ｲ･ｳｵｬｴｳ ｩｮ ｂ｡ｳｩ｣ ｐｲｯｴ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴ ｭｩｧｨｴ ｳ･･ｭ ｬｯｷＬ ｴｨ･ ｩｮ､ｩ｣｡ｴｯｲｳ

｡ｦｦ･｣ｴ･､ ｡ｲ･ ｯｦ ｳｰ･｣ｩ｡ｬ ｲ･ｬ･ｶ｡ｮ｣･Ｌ ｡ｳ ｷ･ ｨｩｧｨｬｩｧｨｴ ｢･ｬｯｷＮ ｔｨ･ ｦｩｮ｡ｬ ｳ｣ｯｲ･ ｩｳ ｬｯｷ ｢･｣｡ｵｳ･ ｴｨ･ ｷｯｲｲｩｳｯｭ･ ｳｩｴｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ

ｩｳ ｢｡ｬ｡ｮ｣･､ ｯｵｴ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･ ･ｸ｣･ｬｬ･ｮｴ ｲ･ｳｵｬｴｳ ｦｯｲ ｴｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ､ｩｭ･ｮｳｩｯｮｳ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｩｮ､ｩ｣｡ｴｯｲ 󰜙ｕｮｩｶ･ｲｳ｡ｬ ｲ･｡｣ｨ ｯｦ ｴｲ｡､ｩｴｩｯｮ｡ｬ ｭ･､ｩ｡

｡ｮ､ ｡｣｣･ｳｳ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ ｉｮｴ･ｲｮ･ｴ󰜚Ｎ ｉｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ ｴｨ･ｲ･ ｡ｲ･ ｳ･ｶ･ｲ｡ｬ ｩｳｳｵ･ｳ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｰｲ･ｳ･ｮｴ ｲｩｳｫ ｦｯｲ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｰｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｳｭ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ､ｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ

･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴＮ ｉｮ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ ｴｯ 󰜙ｇｵ｡ｲ｡ｮｴ･･ｳ ｦｯｲ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮ󰜚Ｌ ｴｨ･ ｳｩｴｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ ｰｲ･ｳ･ｮｴｳ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｲｩｳｫＮ ａｳ

ｯ｣｣ｵｲｳ ｯｦｦｬｩｮ･Ｌ ｳｯｭ･ ･ｸｩｳｴｩｮｧ ｬ｡ｷｳ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ ｣ｵｲｲ･ｮｴ ｃｲｩｭｩｮ｡ｬ ｃｯ､･ ｰｯｳ･ ｡ ｴｨｲ･｡ｴ ｴｯ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮＮ ｔｨｩｳ ｳｩｴｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ

ｷ｡ｳ ｡ｬｲ･｡､ｹ ｲ･ｰｯｲｴ･､ ｩｮ ｰｲ･ｶｩｯｵｳ ｍｐｍｳ ｡ｮ､Ｌ ｭｯｲ･ ｲ･｣･ｮｴｬｹ ｴｨ･ ｓｰ｡ｮｩｳｨ ｐｬ｡ｴｦｯｲｭ ｦｯｲ ｴｨ･ ｄ･ｦ･ｮ｣･ ｯｦ ｆｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ

ｅｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮ ＨｐｄｌｉＩ ､･ｮｯｵｮ｣･､ ｶｩｯｬ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｯｦ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ ･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ ｢･ｦｯｲ･ ｴｨ･ ｕｎ ｈｵｭ｡ｮ ｒｩｧｨｴｳ ｃｯｵｮ｣ｩｬＮ

ａ｣｣ｯｲ､ｩｮｧ ｴｯ ｐｄｌｉＬ ｳｯｭ･ ｰｲ･｣･ｰｴｳ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｓｰ｡ｮｩｳｨ ｃｲｩｭｩｮ｡ｬ ｃｯ､･ ｡ｮ､ ｯｴｨ･ｲ ｬ｡ｷｳＬ ｬｩｫ･ ｴｨ･ ｧ｡ｧＭｬ｡ｷＬ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ｩｲ ｡ｰｰｬｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮ

｢ｹ ｃｯｵｲｴｳＬ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｧｩｶ･ｮ ｲｩｳ･ ｯｮ ｳ･ｶ･ｲ｡ｬ ｯ｣｣｡ｳｩｯｮｳ ｴｯ ､ｩｳｰｲｯｰｯｲｴｩｯｮ｡ｴ･ ｡ｮ､ ｵｮｪｵｳｴｩｦｩ･､ ｲ･ｳｴｲｩ｣ｴｩｯｮｳ ｯｮ ｦｲ･･､ｯｭ ｯｦ

･ｸｰｲ･ｳｳｩｯｮＮ ｔｨ･ｳ･ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｰｲ･｣･ｰｴｳ ｡ｬｬｯｷＬ ｡ｳ ｩｮ､ｩ｣｡ｴ･､ ｦ｡｣ｴｳＬ ｬ･ｧ｡ｬ ｩｮｴ･ｲｰｲ･ｴ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｢･･ｮ ｣ｯｮ､･ｭｮ･､ ｢ｹ ｴｨ･

ｅｵｲｯｰ･｡ｮ＠ｃｯｵｲｴ＠ｯｦ＠ｈｵｭ｡ｮ＠ｒｩｧｨｴｳＮ＠

ｉｮ ｡､､ｩｴｩｯｮ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ｳ･ ｬ｡ｷｳ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｡ｦｦ･｣ｴ ｢ｯｴｨ ｯｮｬｩｮ･ ｡ｮ､ ｯｦｦｬｩｮ･Ｌ ｯｮ･ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｭｯｳｴ ｷｯｲｲｹｩｮｧ ｩｳｳｵ･ｳ ｷｩｴｨ ｲ･ｧ｡ｲ､ ｴｯ ｯｮｬｩｮ･

ｰｬｵｲ｡ｬｩｳｭＬ ｩｳ ｴｨ･ ｡ｰｰｲｯｶ｡ｬ ｯｦ ｒｯｹ｡ｬ ｄ･｣ｲ･･Ｍｌ｡ｷ ＱＴＯＲＰＱＹＬ ｯｦ ｏ｣ｴｯ｢･ｲ ＳＱＮ ｓ･ｶ･ｲ｡ｬ ｣ｩｶｩ｣ ｯｲｧ｡ｮｩｳ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｣ｯｮｳｩ､･ｲ ｴｨ｡ｴ ｴｨ･

ｒｯｹ｡ｬ ｄ･｣ｲ･･ ｧｲ｡ｮｴｳ ｴｨ･ ｧｯｶ･ｲｮｭ･ｮｴ ｴｨ･ ｰｯｷ･ｲ ｴｯ ｩｮｴ･ｲｶ･ｮ･Ｌ ｬｯ｣ｫＬ ｯｲ ｳｨｵｴ ､ｯｷｮ ｴｨ･ ･ｬ･｣ｴｲｯｮｩ｣ ｣ｯｭｭｵｮｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮ ｮ･ｴｷｯｲｫｳ

｡ｮ､＠ｳ･ｲｶｩ｣･ｳＬ＠ｷｩｴｨｯｵｴ＠｡ｮｹ＠ｪｵ､ｩ｣ｩ｡ｬ＠ｩｮｴ･ｲｶ･ｮｴｩｯｮＮ＠

ｒ･ｧ｡ｲ､ｩｮｧ 󰜙ｄｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｓ｡ｦ･ｴｹ󰜚Ｌ ｴｨ･ ｳｩｴｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｩｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ ｩｳ ｯｦ ｭ･､ｩｵｭ ｲｩｳｫＮ ｔｨ･ ｳｩｴｵ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳ ｩｮ ｴｨ･ ｯｮｬｩｮ･

･ｮｶｩｲｯｮｭ･ｮｴ ｩｳ ｮｯｴ ､ｩｦｦ･ｲ･ｮｴ ｦｲｯｭ ｴｨ･ ｯｮ･ ､･ｳ｣ｲｩ｢･､ ｡｢ｯｶ･Ｎ ｄｩｧｩｴ｡ｬ ｨ｡ｲ｡ｳｳｭ･ｮｴ ｯｮ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳ ｩｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ ｨ｡ｳ ｩｮ｣ｲ･｡ｳ･､ ｩｮ

ｴｨ･ ｬ｡ｳｴ ｹ･｡ｲｳＮ ｔｨ･ ｡ｴｴ｡｣ｫｳＬ ｷｨｩ｣ｨ ｯ｣｣ｵｲ ｰｲ･ｦ･ｲ･ｮｴｩ｡ｬｬｹ ｴｨｲｯｵｧｨ ｳｯ｣ｩ｡ｬ ｮ･ｴｷｯｲｫｳ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ ｳ･｣ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｣ｯｭｭ･ｮｴｳ ｴｯ ｴｨ･ ｮ･ｷｳＬ

ｨ｡ｶ･ ｡ ｬ｡｢ｯｲ ｩｭｰ｡｣ｴＬ ･ｳｰ･｣ｩ｡ｬｬｹ ｡ｭｯｮｧ ｡ｵｴｯｮｯｭｯｵｳ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳＬ ｷｨｯ ｡ｲ･ ｡ｦｲ｡ｩ､ ｯｦ ｬｯｳｩｮｧ ｴｨ･ｩｲ ｣ｯｬｬ｡｢ｯｲ｡ｴｩｯｮｳ ｩｦ ｴｨ･ｹ ｡ｲ･

ｬ｡｢･ｬ･､ ｡ｳ ｰｲｯ｢ｬ･ｭ｡ｴｩ｣Ｎ ｉｮ ｴｨ･ ＲＰＱＹ ･､ｩｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｴｨ･ ｗｯｲｬ､ ｐｲ･ｳｳ ｆｲ･･､ｯｭ ｉｮ､･ｸＬ ｣｡ｲｲｩ･､ ｯｵｴ ｢ｹ ｒ･ｰｯｲｴ･ｲｳ ｗｩｴｨｯｵｴ

ｂｯｲ､･ｲｳＬ ｩｴ ｩｳ ｮｯｴ･､ ｴｨ｡ｴ 󰜝ｨ｡ｴｲ･､ ｯｦ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳ ｨ｡ｳ ｢･･ｮ ｰｲ･ｳ･ｮｴ ｩｮ ｓｰ｡ｩｮ󰜞Ｎ ａ｣｣ｯｲ､ｩｮｧ ｴｯ ｴｨｩｳ ｲ･ｰｯｲｴＬ 󰜝ｴｨ･ ･ｸｴｲ･ｭ･

ｰｯｬ｡ｲｩｺ｡ｴｩｯｮ ｯｦ ｃ｡ｴ｡ｬ｡ｮ ｰｯｬｩｴｩ｣ｳ ･ｶ･ｮｴｵ｡ｬｬｹ ｩｮｦ･｣ｴ･､ ｴｨ･ ｭ･､ｩ｡ ｡ｮ､ ｴｨ･ｩｲ ｡ｵ､ｩ･ｮ｣･ｳ［ ｴｨｵｳＬ ｪｯｵｲｮ｡ｬｩｳｴｳ ｨ｡ｶ･ ｢･｣ｯｭ･ ｴｨ･

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