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- El Tribunal de Cuentas Europeo. La Superación de Sus Limitaciones Mediante la Colaboración Institucional
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Author | María Luisa Sánchez Barrueco |
Pages | 17-18 |
Page 17
Han pasado ya diez años desde que el maestro Christian Lequesne me propuso realizar una investigación sobre el Tribunal de Cuentas en el marco de mis estudios de postgrado en el Colegio de Europa, y justo es reconocer que en aquel entonces apenas era capaz de acertar la fecha de creación de esta institución comunitaria. No obstante, acepté confiando en su experiencia. Una vez superada la natural duda que suscitaba en mí el ámbito tan hermético del «control financiero externo de la gestión del presupuesto comunitario», emprendí la búsqueda bibliográfica en la biblioteca, descubriendo con sorpresa que muy pocos autores habían investigado sobre el Tribunal de Cuentas. Las monografías dedicadas a la cuestión se contaban con los dedos de una mano y databan, en su mayoría, de principios de los ochenta. ¿Artículos en revistas especializadas? No superaban la docena, igualmente añejos. Intentando superar mi desolación, me dije que la ausencia de bibliografía era al menos la señal de que había algo que contar, y decidí extender la búsqueda a manuales de temática más amplia y a los documentos oficiales del Tribunal de Cuentas.
A medida que iba internándome en la espesura de la investigación, me fui apasionando por la situación de esta institución desconocida. Animado cual caballero andante por el noble ideal de garantizar a los ciudadanos comunitarios que el dinero tomado de sus impuestos para gestionar políticas europeas se utiliza correctamente, el Tribunal de Cuentas Europeo acometía diariamente la persecución de irregularidades y la lucha contra los casos de mala gestión. Ahora bien, pronto descubrí que en esta lid el caballero no contaba con una afilada espada en su combate, pues el Tribunal de Cuentas no dispone de capacidad coercitiva para castigar a los culpables o enviarlos a prisión. En efecto, y a pesar de su denominación, se trata de un mero órgano consultivo, tanto para la reforma legislativa en materia financiera como para el proceso de descargo presupuestario efectuado por el Parlamento Europeo conjuntamente con el Consejo. A lo sumo, podría utilizarse el símil de que su única arma es una cámara fotográfica, con que denuncia las irregularidades ante las instancias que detentan el auténtico poder de sanción. Decidí entonces investigar las estrategias que esta institución había desarrollado desde su nacimiento con vistas a superar su limitada capacidad para influir en los sujetos controlados, perspectiva que se convirtió primero...
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