Un estudio revela grandes diferencias en los costes de los sistemas de trazabilidad según los sectores
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Un estudio[http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/traceabilityinthefoodchain.pdf] llevado a cabo por la Food Standards Agency (la agencia encargada de la seguridad alimentaria del Reino Unido) sugiere que unos sistemas eficaces de trazabilidad de los alimentos ingredientes, piensos y animales en la cadena alimentaria pueden jugar un papel muy importante en la protección de los consumidores, incluso para aquellos que ignoren qué sistemas de trazabilidad se aplican en la cadena alimentaria.
El estudio señala que la trazabilidad desempeña asimismo un papel esencial en la información de los consumidores, al ofrecerles la posibilidad de verificar la información que figura en el etiquetado del producto y el origen de los ingredientes. Revela el estudio, sin embargo, que existen grandes diferencias en cuanto a la forma de garantizar la trazabilidad para las distintas fuentes de alimentos y en cuanto a los instrumentos utilizados para ello, que abarcan desde sofisticados sistemas informáticos hasta etiquetas manuscritas.
Algunos sistemas de trazabilidad del ganado, en especial en el sector bovino, están ya muy avanzados. Sin embargo, según el estudio, la posibilidad de garantizar la trazabilidad de los alimentos en otros sectores, como, por ejemplo, el catering está aún por desarrollar.
La diversa naturaleza de las operaciones que conforman el procesado de los alimentos significa que cada empresa decide cómo mantiene sus registros de trazabilidad. Los investigadores han descubierto que la calidad y cantidad de la información disponible depende en concreto de diversos factores que incluyen el producto, la normativa aplicable y las expectativas de los consumidores.
De forma similar, el estudio subraya que los costes de la aplicación de los sistemas de trazabilidad varían enormemente entre las empresas y los sectores dependiendo del tipo de tecnología que se haya adoptado, la cantidad de información necesaria para su almacenamiento y la complejidad de la cadena alimentaria.
En la actualidad, no existe una obligación general del establecimiento de sistemas de trazabilidad para la cadena alimentaria en la Unión Europea. El nuevo Reglamento (CE) nº 178/2002 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo por el...
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