Annex 3: bibliography

• Author: Jordan Hill - Malin Carlberg - Richard Procee - Iva Plasilova - Marion Goubet
• Pages: 122-130

Assessment of th e im plem en tat ion o f t he Code of Pract ice on Disinform at ion

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Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology

ANNEX 3: BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ali et al, Discrimination through optimization: How Facebook's ad delivery can lead to

skewed outcomes, proceedings of the ACM on human-computer interaction, 2019.

Allcott H. and Gentzkow M., Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Stanford

University, Journal of Economic Perspectives 31(2): 211-236, 2017

Axel Bruns, Are Filter Bubbles Real, Polity Book, 2019.

Borthwick, J. (2019). Ten things technology platforms can do to safeguard the 2020 U.S.

election. Available at: https://render.betaworks.com/ten-things-technology-platforms-can-

do-to-safeguard-the-2020-u-s-election-b0f73bcccb8.

Camille François (Transatlantic Working Group), Actors, Behaviors, Content: A

Disinformation ABC: Highlighting Three Vectors of Viral Deception to Guide Industry &

Regulatory Responses

Chris Marsden and Trisha Meyer, Regulating Disinformation with artificial intelligence,

Code of practice on Disinformation Summary of the signatories’ first reporting – January

2019

COM (2018) 236 final

Constine, J., Facebook now has 2 billion monthly users… and responsibility, 27 June 2017

CSA, Recommendation no. 2019-03 of 15 May 2019 of the Conseil supérieur de

l’audiovisuel to online platform operators in the context of the duty to cooperate to fight the

dissemination of false information

DG Connect, 2018, Report of the independent High-level Group on fake news and online

disinformation, A multi-dimensional approach to disinformation

Entidade Reguladora para a Comunicação Social (2019). A Desinformação - Contexto

Europeu e Nacional. April 2019. Available at:

https://www.parlamento.pt/Documents/2019/abril/desinformacao_contextoeuroeunacional

-ERC-abril2019.pdf

European Commission Better Regulation Guidelines Tool #41. Monitoring Arrangements

and Indicators ARRANGEMENTS AND INDICATORS

European Commission, Code of Practice on Disinformation, 2018.

European Parliament - IPOL_STU(2019)608864_EN-Disinformation and propaganda –

impact on the functioning of the rule of law in the EU and its Member States

European Parliament, Understanding propaganda and disinformation, November 2015.

Facebook Monthly Self-Assessment Reports, Code of Practice on Disinformation, 2019.

Facebook report on the implementation of the Code of Practice for Disinformation Annual

Report, September 2019

Facebook, Facebook report on the implementation of the Code of Practice for

Disinformation, September 2019

Gaia Giombelli and Erica Melloni, Country Case Study: Italy, Virtual Insanity, P30.

Gomes, B, Our latest quality improvements for Search, 25 April 2017,

https://blog.google/products/search/our-latestquality-improvements-search/

Google Annual Report, 2019