Migration and remitt ances - their impact on social and economic developments in Albania

• Author: Juventina Ngjela
• Position: University of Tirana
• Pages: 339-346

339

Vol. 3 No. 1

May, 2017

Balkan Journal of Interdisciplinary Research

IIPCCL Publishing, Graz-Austria

ISSN 2410-759X

Acces online at www.iipccl.org

Migration and remi ances - their impact on social and economic

developments in Albania

PhD (C.) Juventina Ngjela

University of Tirana

Abstract

Increased migration and remi ances are important features of globalization. International

migration is a multidimensional phenomenon that has diff erent economic, social and

environmental impacts for the countries of destination and origin. A er 90 years Albania has

suff ered a large outfl ow of migrants seeking jobs and be er opportunities abroad. Migration

is motivated by several factors such as high levels of poverty, high unemployment, poor

economic assistance, lack of infrastructure, problems in health and education system in the

public sector, etc.

This study aims to explain the positive role played by this phenomenon in terms of human

resource development, reducing unemployment and training and intellectual skills through

occupations and experience they acquire in the countries of the destination.

Immigration has played an important role in alleviating unemployment and poverty during

the diffi cult years of transition. Migration and remi ances have contributed positively to the

growth of material welfare. Albanian remi ances have aff ected the provision of economic

assistance available not only for their families but also for socio-economic stabilization of the

country in general.

In this material are presented some suggestions taking into account government policies

and programs, cooperation with banks, local authorities, universities, the formalization and

eff ective use of remi ances in the interest of economic and social development of the country

Keywords: Immigration, Immigrant, Remi ances, Development.

Introduction

Albania is already involved in the global migration dynamics. Its integration into the

global migratory movements also means involvement in global economic systems.

This is because migration is not an isolated phenomenon, but rather an important

component of the global economic system (Castles and Miller 1993).

Albanian migration a er the 1990, due to its unique features and distinct from the

migration of other ex-communist countries, has a racted the a ention of various

scholars.

They have described Albania as a kind of laboratory for studying new migratory

processes, albanian migrants and migration itself as a vehemently migration.

During the past two decades, Albania was a country in constant motion where internal

and international migration and return migration have coexisted and interacted with

each other.

Migration and development are discussed in social sciences from a variety of

perspectives. Remi ances, the money that migrants send in their home are vulnerable,

thus contributing to their household. (Adams 2003, p. 4; Skeldon, 2008, p. 3; Taylor et

al., 1996, p. 181).