Resumen de la discusión Cuarta Mesa Redonda
Author | Carlos Gómez-Jara Díez |
Pages | 139-140 |
Page 139
Tras una introducción en la que se plasmaban los déficits de comunicación que aqueja el Derecho penal, la ponencia del Profesor PRITTWITZ se centró en 7 tesis con respecto a la relación existente entre la Constitución Europea y el Derecho penal: 1ª) la evolución del Derecho penal europeo ha dado pasos en la dirección equivocada; 2ª) la oportunidad para crear un Derecho penal europeo de carácter constitucional ha sido desaprovechada; 3ª) no obstante, la Constitución Europea contiene algunas prescripciones normativas adecuadas; 4ª) pero no son en ningún modo satisfactorias con respecto a los principios de ultima ratio, legitimidad y proporcionalidad; 5ª) en realidad, el Espacio de Libertad, Seguridad y Justicia, no ha abierto las puertas a un verdadero Derecho penal europeo; 6ª) la Constitución Europea debería tener un rol más importante en la limitación del Derecho penal europeo; 7ª) por el contrario, no debe adoptar un papel importante la fundamentación del Derecho penal europeo. En resumidas cuentas, y de la mano del título de su ponencia, el Profesor PRITTWITZ afirmó que la Constitución Europea debe servir de límite y no de fundamento del Derecho penal europeo.
Emulando la sistemática de su predecesor en el uso de la palabra, el Profesor JOSÉ MARTÍN Y PÉREZ DE NANCLARES ajustó su intervención a plantear otras 7 tesis, esta vez desde una óptica más comunitaria: 1ª) resulta inevitable la intervención de la U.E. en ciertas materias vinculadas al Derecho penal; 2ª) no obstante, se establece una relación dialéctica entre necesidad de intervención, por un lado, y resistencia de los Estados a perder competencia y soberanía, por otro; 3ª) de ahí que el Derecho penal resultante, sea un Derecho penal híbrido: no se sitúa en el primer pilar (típico del Derecho comunitario), sino que 4ª) sus normas fundamentales se ubican en la Cooperación Judicial en materia penal; 5ª) existen deficiencias manifiestas en el marco institucional, de tal manera que hay una primacía de la Seguridad frente a la Libertad y a la Justicia; 6ª) asimismo se observan deficiencias en los instrumentos legislativos empleados hasta ahora; 7ª) por lo que la Constitución Europea merece una valoración muy positiva al establecer claramente una competencia compartida y permitir su regulación a través de las leyes marco europeas.
Desde la óptica iusprivatista, el Profesor JULIO GONZÁLEZ CAMPOS comenzó su intervención apuntando la estrecha...
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